Decoding the drivers of bank erosion on the Mekong river: The roles of the Asian monsoon, tropical storms, and snowmelt.
Decoding the drivers of bank erosion on the Mekong river: The roles of the Asian monsoon, tropical storms, and snowmelt.
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DOI：
10.1002/wrcr.20205
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Lauri, Hannu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darby, Stephen E.;Leyland, Julian;Kummu, Matti;Rasanen, Timo A.;Lauri, Hannu
我们评估气候和模拟河岸侵蚀之间的联系，为世界上最大的河流之一，湄公河。我们采用了一个基于过程的模型来重建几十年的时间序列的银行侵蚀在湄公河的两个主要的水文响应区的研究地点，定义了一个新的参数，累积过量径流（AER），有关银行侵蚀。我们采用水文模型隔离融雪，热带风暴和季风降水各自有助于AER，从而模拟银行侵蚀。我们的研究结果表明，融化（23.9%，在上游的研究地点，下降到11.1%下游）和热带气旋（17.5%和26.4%，在上游和下游的网站，分别）都迫使显着的份额对湄公河的银行侵蚀。我们还表明：（i）小，但显着，下降，在AER，因此假定银行侵蚀在20世纪世纪，和;（ii），AER和印度洋偶极子（IOD）和厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）之间存在显着的相关性。在这些气候变率模式中，我们发现IOD事件比ENSO事件对模拟的河岸侵蚀有更大的控制作用，但在几十年的平均值中，ENSO和IOD的影响相对较弱。然而，重要的是，ENSO，IOD和AER之间的关系，因此推断河岸侵蚀不是时不变的。具体来说，我们发现，有一个强烈的和长期的时代ENSO和AER之间的强相干性从20世纪80年代初到现在，这样，在最近几十年来派生湄公河河岸侵蚀已受到更强烈的ENSO的影响。
We evaluate links between climate and simulated river bank erosion for one of the world's largest rivers, the Mekong. We employ a process-based model to reconstruct multidecadal time series of bank erosion at study sites within the Mekong's two main hydrological response zones, defining a new parameter, accumulated excess runoff (AER), pertinent to bank erosion. We employ a hydrological model to isolate how snowmelt, tropical storms and monsoon precipitation each contribute to AER and thus modeled bank erosion. Our results show that melt (23.9% at the upstream study site, declining to 11.1% downstream) and tropical cyclones (17.5% and 26.4% at the upstream and downstream sites, respectively) both force significant fractions of bank erosion on the Mekong. We also show (i) small, but significant, declines in AER and hence assumed bank erosion during the 20th century, and; (ii) that significant correlations exist between AER and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Of these modes of climate variability, we find that IOD events exert a greater control on simulated bank erosion than ENSO events; but the influences of both ENSO and IOD when averaged over several decades are found to be relatively weak. However, importantly, relationships between ENSO, IOD, and AER and hence inferred river bank erosion are not time invariant. Specifically, we show that there is an intense and prolonged epoch of strong coherence between ENSO and AER from the early 1980s to present, such that in recent decades derived Mekong River bank erosion has been more strongly affected by ENSO.
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DOI：
10.1002/joc.637
发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Englehart, PJ;Douglas, AV
通讯作者：
Douglas, AV
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Jerolmack, Douglas J.;Paola, Chris
通讯作者：
Paola, Chris
末次冰消期以来华中地区夏季风降水变化
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Cai, Yanjun;Tan, Liangcheng;Wang, Xianfeng
通讯作者：
Wang, Xianfeng
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Kean, JW;Smith, JD
通讯作者：
Smith, JD
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kiem, Anthony S.;Ishidaira, Hiroshi;Takeuchi, Kuniyoshi
通讯作者：
Takeuchi, Kuniyoshi