Heterozygous lamin B1 and lamin B2 variants cause primary microcephaly and define a novel laminopathy.

Heterozygous lamin B1 and lamin B2 variants cause primary microcephaly and define a novel laminopathy.
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层蛋白B1和层蛋白B2杂合变异导致了原发性小头畸形,并定义了一种新的椎板病。

DOI:
10.1038/s41436-020-00980-3
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jackson AP
Jackson AP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parry DA;Martin CA;Greene P;Marsh JA;Genomics England Research Consortium;Blyth M;Cox H;Donnelly D;Greenhalgh L;Greville-Heygate S;Harrison V;Lachlan K;McKenna C;Quigley AJ;Rea G;Robertson L;Suri M;Jackson AP

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核纤层是核纤层的主要组成部分,维持核的结构完整性。核纤层蛋白A/C变异体已被证实可引起一系列疾病,从肌病到早衰症,称为核纤层蛋白病。由LMNB 1和LMNB 2的变体产生的表型还没有明确定义。我们研究了解密发育障碍研究和10万基因组计划的外显子组和基因组测序,以确定新的小头畸形基因。从一组患有极端小头畸形的患者开始,鉴定了13名在两种人B型核纤层蛋白中具有杂合变体的个体。在9种情况下,复发变异被确定为从头开始,并显示影响核纤层蛋白β-螺旋杆结构域内的高度保守残基,可能破坏核纤层蛋白丝的高阶组装所需的相互作用。我们确定LMNB 1和LMNB 2的显性致病变异是原发性小头畸形的遗传原因,暗示其病因学中核被膜的主要结构成分,并定义了一种新形式的核纤层蛋白病。这种核纤层蛋白B相关表型的独特性质突出了核纤层蛋白旁系同源物的显著不同的发育要求,并提出了一种新的机制,为原发性小头畸形症的预防未来的调查。
Lamins are the major component of nuclear lamina, maintaining structural integrity of the nucleus. Lamin A/C variants are well established to cause a spectrum of disorders ranging from myopathies to progeria, termed laminopathies. Phenotypes resulting from variants in LMNB1 and LMNB2 have been much less clearly defined. We investigated exome and genome sequencing from the Deciphering Developmental Disorders Study and the 100,000 Genomes Project to identify novel microcephaly genes. Starting from a cohort of patients with extreme microcephaly, 13 individuals with heterozygous variants in the two human B-type lamins were identified. Recurrent variants were established to be de novo in nine cases and shown to affect highly conserved residues within the lamin ɑ-helical rod domain, likely disrupting interactions required for higher-order assembly of lamin filaments. We identify dominant pathogenic variants in LMNB1 and LMNB2 as a genetic cause of primary microcephaly, implicating a major structural component of the nuclear envelope in its etiology and defining a new form of laminopathy. The distinct nature of this lamin B–associated phenotype highlights the strikingly different developmental requirements for lamin paralogs and suggests a novel mechanism for primary microcephaly warranting future investigation.
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