Non-canonical activation of OmpR drives acid and osmotic stress responses in single bacterial cells.

Non-canonical activation of OmpR drives acid and osmotic stress responses in single bacterial cells.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-017-02030-0
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发表时间:
2017-11-14
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Kenney LJ
Kenney LJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chakraborty S;Winardhi RS;Morgan LK;Yan J;Kenney LJ

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与真核生物不同,细菌的渗透压和细胞质pH值发生了很大的变化。据描述,在酸性胁迫下,细菌内部pH值迅速酸化,随后恢复。在这里,利用单个活细胞的pH成像,我们发现在酸胁迫下,细菌维持酸性细胞质,并且渗透胁迫转录因子OmpR是酸化所必需的。这种反应的激活是非规范的,涉及一种需要OmpR同源激酶EnvZ的调节机制,而不是OmpR磷酸化。单细胞分析进一步确定了细胞内pH值阈值~6.5。酸性胁迫降低了内部pH值低于这个阈值,增加了OmpR二聚化和DNA结合。在渗透胁迫期间,内部pH值高于阈值,触发不同的ompr相关途径。防止沙门氏菌细胞内酸化使其无毒,这表明酸胁迫途径代表了一个潜在的治疗靶点。这些结果进一步强调了单细胞分析相对于种群平均值研究的优势。OmpR是一种转录因子,在革兰氏阴性菌的酸性和渗透反应中被激活,导致细菌细胞质酸化。在这里,作者使用单细胞pH成像来确定ompr调节基因在沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌渗透和酸性胁迫下的酸化反应中的作用。
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria undergo large changes in osmolality and cytoplasmic pH. It has been described that during acid stress, bacteria internal pH promptly acidifies, followed by recovery. Here, using pH imaging in single living cells, we show that following acid stress, bacteria maintain an acidic cytoplasm and the osmotic stress transcription factor OmpR is required for acidification. The activation of this response is non-canonical, involving a regulatory mechanism requiring the OmpR cognate kinase EnvZ, but not OmpR phosphorylation. Single cell analysis further identifies an intracellular pH threshold ~6.5. Acid stress reduces the internal pH below this threshold, increasing OmpR dimerization and DNA binding. During osmotic stress, the internal pH is above the threshold, triggering distinct OmpR-related pathways. Preventing intracellular acidification of Salmonella renders it avirulent, suggesting that acid stress pathways represent a potential therapeutic target. These results further emphasize the advantages of single cell analysis over studies of population averages. OmpR is a transcription factor activated in acid and osmotic responses of Gram-negative bacteria, leading to acidification of the bacterial cytoplasm. Here the authors use single cell pH imaging to define the role of OmpR-regulated genes in the acidification response to osmotic and acid stress of Salmonella and E. coli.
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