Development of a YAP(Ce) camera for the imaging of secondary electron bremsstrahlung x-ray emitted during carbon-ion irradiation toward the use of clinical conditions

Development of a YAP(Ce) camera for the imaging of secondary electron bremsstrahlung x-ray emitted during carbon-ion irradiation toward the use of clinical conditions
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开发 YAP(Ce) 相机,用于对碳离子照射期间发出的二次电子轫致辐射 X 射线进行成像,以供临床使用

DOI:
10.1088/1361-6560/ab2072
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Kawachi Naoki
Kawachi Naoki
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yamamoto Seiichi;Yamaguchi Mitsutaka;Akagi Takashi;Sasano Makoto;Kawachi Naoki

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低能X射线成像的二次电子韧致辐射(SEB)的X射线在碳离子照射过程中发射的距离估计是一种很有前途的方法。然而,目前还不清楚该方法是否可以用于碳离子临床剂量水平的成像,以及韧致辐射x射线是否可以从身体的更深部位检测到。为了阐明这些观点,我们开发了一种新的高分辨率低能X射线相机,并在不同能量和强度的碳离子照射期间对SEB X射线进行成像。还尝试使用X射线照相机使用人头大小、直径17 cm的圆柱体模进行成像。为了研制低能X射线的高分辨率成像探测器,我们采用了20× 20× 0.5mm厚的掺铈钇铝钙钛矿YA1O3(雅普(Ce))闪烁体板,它与25mm见方的高量子效率(HQE)型位置灵敏光电倍增管(PSPMT)光耦合。将成像检测器装入2cm厚的钨容器中,并将针孔准直器连接到其摄像头。在评估相机的性能后,在碳离子辐照期间尝试了SEB X射线成像,并将结果与Monte Carlo模拟进行了比较。我们用SEB X射线对碳离子辐照过程中的束流轨迹进行实时成像,即使在接近临床剂量水平的7.5× 108个碳离子粒子的情况下,成像和距离估计也是可能的。对于直径为17 cm的圆柱体模,也获得了SEB x射线的清晰图像。测量图像与Monte Carlo模拟结果吻合良好。我们证实,我们开发的雅普(Ce)相机是有前途的成像SEB X射线在照射的碳离子,甚至接近临床条件。
Low-energy x-ray imaging of the secondary electron bremsstrahlung (SEB) x-ray emitted during carbon-ion irradiation is a promising method for range estimation. However, it remains unclear whether the method can be used for imaging with the clinical dose levels of carbon-ion and whether the bremsstrahlung x-ray can be detected from the deeper part of the body. To clarify these points, we developed a new high resolution low-energy x-ray camera and conducted imaging of the SEB x-ray during the irradiation of carbon-ions of different energies and intensities. Imaging was also tried with an x-ray camera using a human-head-sized, 17 cm diameter cylindrical phantom. To develop a high resolution imaging detector for a low-energy x-ray, we used a 20× 20× 0.5 mm thick cerium-doped yttrium aluminum perovskite, YA1O 3 (YAP (Ce)) scintillator plate, which was optically coupled to a 25 mm square high quantum efficiency (HQE) type position sensitive photomultiplier tube (PSPMT). The imaging detector was encased in a 2 cm thick tungsten container and a pinhole collimator was attached to its camera head. After evaluating the camera's performance, SEB x-ray imaging was tried during irradiation of the carbon-ion and compared the results with a Monte Carlo simulation. We imaged the beam tracks by the SEB x-ray in real-time during irradiation of the carbon-ion and imaging and range estimation were possible even with near clinical dose level of 7.5× 10 8 particles of carbon-ion. Clear images of a SEB x-ray were also obtained for a 17 cm diameter cylindrical phantom. The measured images were good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation. We confirmed that our developed YAP (Ce) camera is promising for imaging SEB x-rays during irradiation of carbon-ions even near clinical conditions.
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