Eye-size effects in the dot-probe task: Greater sclera exposure predicts delayed disengagement from fearful faces.
Eye-size effects in the dot-probe task: Greater sclera exposure predicts delayed disengagement from fearful faces.
复制标题
DOT探针任务中的眼睛尺寸效果：更大的巩膜暴露预测可怕面孔的脱离脱离。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0285839
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Carlson, Joshua M. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aday, Jacob S. S.;Fang, Lin;Carlson, Joshua M. M.
恐惧的面部表情是一种非语言的、生物学上显著的潜在威胁信号，它会自动吸引、捕捉并引导观察者的注意力。他们的特点是眼白增大，瞳孔扩大，单单恐惧的眼睛就足以吸引注意力。眼睛区域的形态学特征，如巩膜暴露，被认为在非语言交流中起着重要作用。具体来说，与恐惧表情相关的巩膜暴露增加，已被证明可以缓和观察者将注意力转移到另一个注视方向的方式。然而，巩膜暴露的可变性在多大程度上可能影响恐惧面孔对注意力的捕捉和保持，还没有经过测试。为了解决这个问题，249名成年人完成了一项点状探测任务，对恐惧和中性的面孔进行选择性注意。结果表明：(1)恐惧面孔优先于中性面孔（即他们捕获并保持注意力），(2)目标位置的巩膜暴露更大促进了反应时间，(3)在任务无关位置的恐惧面孔的巩膜暴露更大导致延迟脱离。综上所述，恐惧面部表情和巩膜暴露通过独立和互动的机制调节空间注意。巩膜暴露似乎是非语言交流的重要促进因素，并且可能代表了一个未被广泛研究的社会认知变量。
Fearful facial expressions are nonverbal and biologically salient signals of potential threat that automatically hold, capture, and direct observers’ attention. They are characterized by enlarged eye whites and dilated pupils, and fearful eyes alone are sufficient to capture attention. The morphological properties of the eye region, such as sclera exposure, are thought to play an important role in nonverbal communication. Specifically, increased sclera exposure associated with fearful expressions has been shown to moderate how observers’ shift their attention toward the direction of another’s gaze. Yet, the extent to which variability in sclera exposure possibly impacts the capture and hold of attention by fearful faces is untested. To address this, a sample of 249 adults completed a dot-probe task of selective attention with fearful and neutral faces. The results suggested that (1) fearful faces were prioritized over neutral faces (i.e., they captured and held attention), (2) greater sclera exposure at target locations facilitated reaction times, and (3) attention was held by greater sclera exposure of fearful faces at task irrelevant locations resulting in delayed disengagement. Collectively, the results indicate that fearful facial expressions and sclera exposure modulate spatial attention through independent and interactive mechanisms. Sclera exposure appears to be an important facilitator of nonverbal communication and perhaps represents an understudied variable in social cognition more broadly.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Carlson, Joshua M.;Beacher, Felix;Hajcak, Greg
通讯作者：
Hajcak, Greg
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
MACLEOD, C;MATHEWS, A;TATA, P
通讯作者：
TATA, P
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Carlson, Joshua M.;Reinke, Karen S.
通讯作者：
Reinke, Karen S.
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Friesen, CK;Kingstone, A
通讯作者：
Kingstone, A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Carlson, Joshua M.;Aday, Jacob S.;Rubin, Denis
通讯作者：
Rubin, Denis