HIV-1 fusion inhibitors targeting the membrane-proximal external region of Env spikes.

HIV-1 fusion inhibitors targeting the membrane-proximal external region of Env spikes.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41589-020-0496-y
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发表时间:
2020-05
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Chen B
Chen B
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Xiao T;Frey G;Fu Q;Lavine CL;Scott DA;Seaman MS;Chou JJ;Chen B

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联合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (cART) 已将曾经致命的 HIV-1 感染转变为可控制的慢性疾病。耐药性、严重副作用和治疗不依从性给临床环境中 cART 的实施带来了挑战,并表明需要额外的分子靶点。在这里,我们鉴定了几种由中和抗体引导的小分子融合抑制剂,针对广泛研究的疫苗靶点 - HIV-1 包膜 (Env) 刺突的膜近端外部区域 (MPER)。这些化合物通过阻断 CD4 诱导的构象变化来特异性抑制 Env 介导的膜融合。与三聚 MPER 构建体复合的一种化合物的 NMR 结构表明,该化合物部分插入仅由 MPER 残基形成的疏水口袋中,从而稳定其融合前构象。这些结果表明,MPER 是开发融合抑制剂的潜在治疗靶点,并且采用抗体引导寻找新疗法的策略可能适用于其他人类疾病。
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV-1 infection, once a fatal illness, into a manageable chronic condition. Drug resistance, severe side effects and treatment noncompliance bring challenges to the cART implementation in clinical settings and indicate the need for additional molecular targets. Here we have identified several small-molecule fusion inhibitors, guided by a neutralizing antibody, against an extensively studied vaccine target- the membrane proximal external region (MPER) of HIV-1 envelope (Env) spike. These compounds specifically inhibit the Env-mediated membrane fusion by blocking CD4-induced conformational changes. An NMR structure of one compound complexed with a trimeric MPER construct reveals that the compound partially inserts into a hydrophobic pocket formed exclusively by the MPER residues, thereby stabilizing its prefusion conformation. These results suggest that the MPER is a potential therapeutic target for developing fusion inhibitors and that strategies employing an antibody-guided search for novel therapeutics may be applied to other human diseases.
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