In vivo genome editing improves motor function and extends survival in a mouse model of ALS.

In vivo genome editing improves motor function and extends survival in a mouse model of ALS.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aar3952
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发表时间:
2017-12
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Schaffer DV
Schaffer DV
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaj T;Ojala DS;Ekman FK;Byrne LC;Limsirichai P;Schaffer DV

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CRISPR-Cas9介导的基因组编辑可以用于治疗ALS的动物模型。肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)是一种以脊髓和脑运动神经元进行性丧失为特征的致死性、不可治愈的神经退行性疾病。尤其是,在所有家族性ALS病例中,常染色体显性突变的超氧化物歧化酶1(SOD1)基因可导致约20%的ALS病例。簇状规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)-CRISPR相关(Cas9)基因组编辑系统通过促进移码诱导的突变的引入而具有治疗常染色体显性遗传病的潜力,这些突变可以使突变基因功能丧失。我们证明CRISPR-Cas9可以利用腺相关病毒载体在体内递送ALS的G93A-SOD1小鼠模型中干扰突变的SOD1的表达。基因组编辑将腰椎和胸髓中突变的SOD1蛋白减少了2.5倍,从而改善了运动功能,减少了肌肉萎缩。关键是,与对照组相比,接受CRISPR介导的基因组编辑治疗的ALS小鼠在终末期运动神经元增加约50%,疾病发病延迟约37%,存活率增加约25%。因此,这项研究说明了CRISPR-Cas9治疗SOD1连锁形式的ALS和其他由常染色体显性突变引起的中枢神经系统疾病的潜力。
CRISPR-Cas9–mediated genome editing can be used to treat ALS in an animal model of the disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain. In particular, autosomal dominant mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene are responsible for ~20% of all familial ALS cases. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)–CRISPR-associated (Cas9) genome editing system holds the potential to treat autosomal dominant disorders by facilitating the introduction of frameshift-induced mutations that can disable mutant gene function. We demonstrate that CRISPR-Cas9 can be harnessed to disrupt mutant SOD1 expression in the G93A-SOD1 mouse model of ALS following in vivo delivery using an adeno-associated virus vector. Genome editing reduced mutant SOD1 protein by >2.5-fold in the lumbar and thoracic spinal cord, resulting in improved motor function and reduced muscle atrophy. Crucially, ALS mice treated by CRISPR-mediated genome editing had ~50% more motor neurons at end stage and displayed a ~37% delay in disease onset and a ~25% increase in survival compared to control animals. Thus, this study illustrates the potential for CRISPR-Cas9 to treat SOD1-linked forms of ALS and other central nervous system disorders caused by autosomal dominant mutations.
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