Identification, expression, and artificial selection of silkworm epigenetic modification enzymes.
Identification, expression, and artificial selection of silkworm epigenetic modification enzymes.
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家蚕表观遗传修饰酶的鉴定、表达及人工选择
DOI：
10.1186/s12864-020-07155-z
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发表时间：
2020-10-23
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Dai FY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao R;Li CL;Tong XL;Han MJ;Lu KP;Liang SB;Hu H;Luan Y;Zhang BL;Liu YY;Dai FY
了解驯化和育种过程中表型变异的遗传基础是非常有意义的。表观遗传学和表观遗传修饰酶（EME）可能在表型变异中发挥作用;然而，迄今为止尚未进行全面的研究。家蚕的EMEs可以作为研究家蚕驯化性状的模型。利用同源性搜索技术在家蚕基因组中鉴定出44个EME。系统发育分析表明，不同动物的一个亚科的基因很好的聚类，和EME的表达模式是恒定的家蚕，果蝇和小家鼠。它们在大脑、早期胚胎和内生殖器中表达最高。采用基因相关选择扫描法，在家蚕驯化育种过程中，通过人工选择，鉴定出5个BmEME。在这些选定的基因中，BmSuv 4 -20和BmDNMT 2在其上游区域具有选择性突变，从而改变转录因子结合位点。此外，这两个基因在家蚕精巢和卵巢中的表达量高于野蚕，并与精子和卵子的减数分裂过程相关。家蚕的驯化诱导了对表观遗传修饰标记的人工选择，这些标记可能导致驯化过程中的表型变化。我们提出了一个新的视角来理解动物驯化和育种的遗传基础。补充信息随附于10.1186/s12864-020-07155-z。
Understanding the genetic basis of phenotype variations during domestication and breeding is of great interest. Epigenetics and epigenetic modification enzymes (EMEs) may play a role in phenotypic variations; however, no comprehensive study has been performed to date. Domesticated silkworm (Bombyx mori) may be utilized as a model in determining how EMEs influence domestication traits. We identified 44 EMEs in the genome of silkworm (Bombyx mori) using homology searching. Phylogenetic analysis showed that genes in a subfamily among different animals were well clustered, and the expression pattern of EMEs is constant among Bombyx mori, Drosophila melanogaster, and Mus musculus. These are most highly expressed in brain, early embryo, and internal genitalia. By gene-related selective sweeping, we identified five BmEMEs under artificial selection during the domestication and breeding of silkworm. Among these selected genes, BmSuv4–20 and BmDNMT2 harbor selective mutations in their upstream regions that alter transcription factor-binding sites. Furthermore, these two genes are expressed higher in the testis and ovary of domesticated silkworm compared to wild silkworms, and correlations between their expression pattern and meiosis of the sperm and ova were observed. The domestication of silkworm has induced artificial selection on epigenetic modification markers that may have led to phenotypic changes during domestication. We present a novel perspective to understand the genetic basis underlying animal domestication and breeding. Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12864-020-07155-z.
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