Functions of Presynaptic Voltage-gated Calcium Channels.

Functions of Presynaptic Voltage-gated Calcium Channels.
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突触前电压门控钙通道的功能。

DOI:
10.1093/function/zqaa027
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Function (Oxford, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Dolphin AC
Dolphin AC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dolphin AC

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电压门控钙通道是去极化介导的Ca ~(2+)进入兴奋细胞的主要通道。在这篇评论中,生物物理特性的相关成员的这个家庭的通道,那些存在于突触前末梢,将讨论它们的功能,在介导神经递质释放。电压门控钙通道具有确保它们专门用于特定角色的特性,例如,它们的激活电压阈值的差异,它们的各种动力学特性,以及它们的失活电压依赖性。所有这些属性都影响了各种电压门控钙通道参与突触前囊泡释放不同模式的能力。这些包括由单个动作电位引起的突触传递,由动作电位的爆发或序列介导的长期变化,以及由专门感觉突触中膜电位的分级变化引起的释放。
Voltage-gated calcium channels are the principal conduits for depolarization-mediated Ca2+ entry into excitable cells. In this review, the biophysical properties of the relevant members of this family of channels, those that are present in presynaptic terminals, will be discussed in relation to their function in mediating neurotransmitter release. Voltage-gated calcium channels have properties that ensure they are specialized for particular roles, for example, differences in their activation voltage threshold, their various kinetic properties, and their voltage-dependence of inactivation. All these attributes play into the ability of the various voltage-gated calcium channels to participate in different patterns of presynaptic vesicular release. These include synaptic transmission resulting from single action potentials, and longer-term changes mediated by bursts or trains of action potentials, as well as release resulting from graded changes in membrane potential in specialized sensory synapses.
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