How to be self-reliant in a stigmatising context? Challenges facing people who inject drugs in Vietnam.
How to be self-reliant in a stigmatising context? Challenges facing people who inject drugs in Vietnam.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102913
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Visier L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thu Trang N;Jauffret-Roustide M;Minh Giang L;Visier L
污名化有助于强化主流社会价值观。因此，成见的含义不是一成不变的，而是取决于执政政权。考虑到过去三十年来越南发生的重大社会经济变化，本研究探讨了在不同社会领域注射毒品的越南人的污名化的意义。这项定性研究是作为一个同行推广计划，分发减少伤害的用品和信息，并提供治疗转诊援助的人谁注射毒品在越南海防的评价的一部分。我们在2017年和2018年与同行外展工作者进行了民族志实地观察，进行了家访，并对参与者进行了54次深入访谈。扎根理论引导了我们的理论抽样和分析。对注射毒品者的污名似乎集中在自力更生的能力上，而不是吸毒行为上。与会者描述了他们的家人和邻居如何表示希望他们自己管理药物使用问题，而不考虑他们在就业市场上面临的障碍。参与者将针对他们的耻辱解释为贫困而不是吸毒。因此，他们有时从事非法创收活动，以追求经济自主和重新获得社会地位。注射吸毒者正在努力满足社会对自力更生的期望，而实现这一期望所需的支助有限，有效的干预措施必须考虑到个人在日常生活中遇到的许多方面和挑战。
Stigma works to reinforce dominant social values. The meaning of stigma is therefore not static but dependent on the regime in power. Taking into account the significant socioeconomic changes that took place in Vietnam over the last thirty years, this study explores the meaning of stigma directed at Vietnamese people who inject drugs in different social spheres. This qualitative study was conducted as part of an evaluation of a peer outreach program that distributes harm-reduction supplies and information, and provides treatment referral assistance to people who inject drugs in Haiphong, Vietnam. We conducted ethnographic field observations with peer outreach workers, home visits, and 54 in-depth interviews with participants in 2017 and 2018. Grounded theory led our theoretical sampling and analysis. Stigma towards people who inject drugs seems to centre on the ability to be self-reliant rather than on drug-using behaviours. Participants described how their families and neighbours expressed expectations that they should manage their substance use issues by themselves, without considering the barriers they face in the job market. Participants interpret stigma directed at them in terms of poverty rather than drug use. As a result, they sometimes engage in illegal income-generating activities to pursue financial autonomy and to regain their social status. People who inject drugs were struggling to conform to social expectations of self-reliance with limited support to realise it. Effective interventions must consider the many facets and challenges individuals encounter in their daily lives.
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