Genomic and proteomic biomarkers for cancer: a multitude of opportunities.
Genomic and proteomic biomarkers for cancer: a multitude of opportunities.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbcan.2009.04.004
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发表时间：
2009-12
影响因子：
11.2
通讯作者：
Tainsky, Michael A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tainsky, Michael A.
生物标记物是生物状态的分子指示物，作为生化物种，可以用来评估癌症的存在和治疗干预。癌细胞通过多种机制为自身检测提供生物标记物。可以在血液、其他体液或组织中检测到生物标志物。人们的期望是，信息性生物标记物的水平与人体内存在的特定类型的疾病有关。生物标志物既可以作为诊断指标，也可以作为临床干预措施有效性的监测指标。生物标记物也能够对癌症患者进行分层治疗。用于癌症早期检测的有效生物标记物应该会为患者提供更好的结果，这反过来将转化为更有效的医疗保健服务。早期发现癌症的技术已经减少了癌症的疾病相关死亡率，如果任其发展，癌症本来是致命的。这些筛查技术已经证明，及早发现将降低癌症的发病率和死亡率。生物标记物研究中的一个新兴主题是期望生物标记物分析物小组而不是单一标记物将需要具有足够的敏感性和特异性来进行癌症症状前检测。生物标记物可以提供疾病的预后信息，使得能够使用靶向治疗药物进行干预，以及在癌症治疗中纠正病程。新的基因组、蛋白质组和代谢组学技术正被用于单独和在小组中发现和验证肿瘤生物标记物。
Biomarkers are molecular indicators of a biological status, and as biochemical species can be assayed to evaluate the presence of cancer and therapeutic interventions. Through a variety of mechanisms cancer cells provide the biomarker material for their own detection. Biomarkers may be detectable in the blood, other body fluids, or tissues. The expectation is that the level of an informative biomarker is related to the specific type of disease present in the body. Biomarkers have potential both as diagnostic indicators and monitors of the effectiveness of clinical interventions. Biomarkers are also able to stratify cancer patients to the most appropriate treatment. Effective biomarkers for the early detection of cancer should provide a patient with a better outcome which in turn will translate into more efficient delivery of healthcare. Technologies for the early detection of cancer have resulted in reductions in disease-associated mortalities from cancers that are otherwise deadly if allowed to progress. Such screening technologies have proven that early detection will decrease the morbidity and mortality from cancer. An emerging theme in biomarker research is the expectation that panels of biomarker analytes rather than single markers will be needed to have sufficient sensitivity and specificity for the presymptomatic detection of cancer. Biomarkers may provide prognostic information of disease enabling interventions using targeted therapeutic agents as well as course-corrections in cancer treatment. Novel genomic, proteomic and metabolomic technologies are being used to discover and validate tumor biomarkers individually and in panels.
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