Preferred sound groups of vocal iconicity reflect evolutionary mechanisms of sound stability and first language acquisition: evidence from Eurasia.
Preferred sound groups of vocal iconicity reflect evolutionary mechanisms of sound stability and first language acquisition: evidence from Eurasia.
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语音象似性的首选音群反映了声音稳定性和第一语言习得的进化机制：来自欧亚大陆的证据。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2020.0190
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发表时间：
2021-05-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Carling G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dellert J;Erben Johansson N;Frid J;Carling G
在言语中，声音和词义之间的联系大多是任意的。然而，在词汇的基本概念中，有几个单词可以表现出某种程度的形式-意义相似性，这一特征被称为声音象似性。声音象似性在第一语言习得中发挥着重要作用，并且在史前语言中也可能很突出。然而，一个尚未解决的问题是声音象似性如何在声音进化中幸存下来，声音进化被认为是不可避免的，并且对单词的含义“盲目”。我们分析了 107 种欧亚语言中 1016 个基本词汇概念的声音组的演变，基于自动同源聚类和声音序列对齐来推断声音组随时间的相对稳定性。我们将这一结果与标志性词汇中声音组的出现相关联，该词汇是在来自 245 个语系的单语言样本中的 344 个概念的跨语言数据集上进行测量的。我们发现欧亚集合的良好稳定性与全球集合中的标志性事件相关。此外，我们发现辅音的声音稳定性和标志性出现与第一语言的习得顺序有关，这表明儿童习得语言在随着时间的推移维持声音标志性方面发挥着作用。本文是“重建史前语言”主题的一部分。
In speech, the connection between sounds and word meanings is mostly arbitrary. However, among basic concepts of the vocabulary, several words can be shown to exhibit some degree of form–meaning resemblance, a feature labelled vocal iconicity. Vocal iconicity plays a role in first language acquisition and was likely prominent also in pre-historic language. However, an unsolved question is how vocal iconicity survives sound evolution, which is assumed to be inevitable and ‘blind’ to the meaning of words. We analyse the evolution of sound groups on 1016 basic vocabulary concepts in 107 Eurasian languages, building on automated homologue clustering and sound sequence alignment to infer relative stability of sound groups over time. We correlate this result with the occurrence of sound groups in iconic vocabulary, measured on a cross-linguistic dataset of 344 concepts across single-language samples from 245 families. We find that the sound stability of the Eurasian set correlates with iconic occurrence in the global set. Further, we find that sound stability and iconic occurrence of consonants are connected to acquisition order in the first language, indicating that children acquiring language play a role in maintaining vocal iconicity over time. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Reconstructing prehistoric languages'.
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