Volcanic conduit failure as a trigger to magma fragmentation
Volcanic conduit failure as a trigger to magma fragmentation
复制标题
火山管道故障引发岩浆破碎
DOI:
10.1007/s00445-011-0544-2
复制
发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
P. M. Benson
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lavallee;P. M. Benson
In the assessment of volcanic risk, it is often assumed that magma ascending at a slow rate will erupt effusively, whereas magma ascending at fast rate will lead to an explosive eruption. Mechanistically viewed, this assessment is supported by the notion that the viscoelastic nature of magma (i.e., the ability of magma to relax at an applied strain rate), linked via the gradient of flow pressure (related to discharge rate), controls the eruption style. In such an analysis, the physical interactions between the magma and the conduit wall are commonly, to a first order, neglected. Yet, during ascent, magma must force its way through the volcanic edifice/structure, whose presence and form may greatly affect the stress field through which the magma is trying to ascend. Here, we demonstrate that fracturing of the conduit wall via flow pressure releases an elastic shock resulting in fracturing of the viscous magma itself. We find that magma fragmentation occurred at strain rates seven orders of magnitude slower than theoretically anticipated from the applied axial strain rate. Our conclusion, that the discharge rate cannot provide a reliable indication of ascending magma rheology without knowledge of conduit wall stability, has important ramifications for volcanic hazard assessment. New numerical simulations are now needed in order to integrate magma/conduit interaction into eruption models.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
1989
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Donald Bruce Dingwell;S. Webb
通讯作者:
S. Webb
影响因子:
56.9
作者:
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2004
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
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J. Hazzard
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2005
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
S. Brenner