Development and status of active volcano monitoring in China
Development and status of active volcano monitoring in China
复制标题
我国活火山监测发展及现状
DOI：
10.1144/sp510-2020-62
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Qiang Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bo Pan;Guoming Liu;Tao Cheng;Jingwei Zhang;Zigang Sun;Baojun Ma;Haijun Wu;Guojing Liang;Mingrui Guo;Qingjun Kong;Feixiang Wei;Ciping Zhao;Qiang Zhao
经过几十年的地质调查和研究，中国已发现14个活火山区。其中几个地区全新世火山活动的证据突出了了解和监测这些地区火山灾害的必要性。因此，在过去40年中建立了六个火山观测站。本文回顾了我国火山监测的历史和能力，重点介绍了长白山-天池火山观测站和腾冲火山观测站。长白山-天池火山观测站（CTVO）于1996年建成，1999年开始监测，有限的观测记录可追溯到1973年。目前，CTVO是中国最大、最先进的天文台。CTVO的监测网络包括11个地震站和15个GPS站，两条水准路线和三个气体地球化学采样点。长白山-天池火山在2002年至2005年期间经历了动荡，这表现在地震活动和地面变形水平的升高以及气体地球化学的变化。2006年后，火山恢复平静，活动处于1973-2001年记录的背景水平。腾冲火山观测站监测网包括8个地震台站、20个GPS点、95个水准点和3个气体地球化学采样点。自1965年以来的观测表明有显著的地震活动，2011年记录了3000多起地震事件，其中大部分与区域构造有关。腾冲以其分布广泛的温泉而闻名，大滚锅泉的温度高达105°C。其他四个观测站是龙岗火山观测站、镜泊湖火山观测站、五大连池火山观测站和琼北火山观测站。它们配备了地震、大地测量和地球化学监测设备。在过去几十年中，这些地区的活动水平很低，但相关的断层系统相对活跃。在较短的时间内，中国在观测站设计和火山监测方面积累了大量经验，并培养了一支相当规模的工作队，为在国家一级持续进行火山监测奠定了基础。今后的努力必须侧重于维持和扩大观测能力，以及获得更好的动态了解，为火山灾害评估提供信息。
Abstract Following decades of geological surveys and studies, 14 active volcanic fields have been identified in China. Evidence for Holocene volcanism in several of these areas highlights the need to understand and monitor volcanic hazards in those regions. Six volcano observatories have thus been established in the past 40 years. This work reviews China's national capability and history of volcano monitoring, with emphasis on the Changbaishan–Tianchi Volcano Observatory and the Tengchong Volcano Observatory. The Changbaishan–Tianchi Volcano Observatory (CTVO) was constructed in 1996 and began monitoring in 1999, with limited recorded observations dating back to 1973. Currently, CTVO is the largest and most advanced observatories in China. The monitoring network of the CTVO incorporates 11 seismic and 15 GPS stations, two levelling routes and three gas geochemistry sampling points. The Changbaishan–Tianchi Volcano experienced unrest during 2002–05, evidenced in elevated levels of seismicity and ground deformation, as well as shifts in gas geochemistry. After 2006, the volcano returned to quiescence, with activities at background levels as recorded in 1973–2001. The monitoring network of Tengchong Volcano Observatory incorporates eight seismic stations, 20 GPS points, 95 levelling points and three gas geochemistry sampling points. The observations made since 1965 indicate significant seismicity, with more than 3000 events recorded in 2011, mostly related to regional tectonics. Tengchong is known for its widespread hot springs, with temperatures up to 105°C recorded at Dagunguo spring. The four other observatories are Longgang Volcano Observatory, Jingbohu Volcano Observatory, Wudalianchi Volcano Observatory and Qiongbei Volcano Observatory. They are equipped with seismic, geodetic and geochemical monitoring equipment. These areas saw only low levels of activity over the past several decades, but related fault systems are relatively active. In a relatively short time, China has gained considerable experience in observatory design and volcano monitoring and has trained up a sizeable task force, laying the foundation for sustained volcano monitoring at the national level. Future efforts must focus on maintaining and expanding observational capacity, as well as gaining better dynamic understanding to inform volcano hazard assessment.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
S. Xiao
通讯作者：
S. Xiao
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Avouris, Dulcinea M.;Carn, Simon A.;Waite, Gregory P.
通讯作者：
Waite, Gregory P.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Seismology and Geology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fang Qi-Cheng
通讯作者：
Fang Qi-Cheng
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
Seismology and Geology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ye Jian-qing
通讯作者：
Ye Jian-qing
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Geological Journal of China Universities
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Qian
通讯作者：
S. Qian