Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas.
Tree species identity and composition shape the epiphytic lichen community of structurally simple boreal forests over vast areas.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0257564
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Eggers S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein J;Low M;Thor G;Sjögren J;Lindberg E;Eggers S
在生物多样性研究中，高度简化的生态系统往往被忽视。然而，这些简化的系统在世界许多地区占主导地位，缺乏对这些系统中物种出现的形状的了解可能会对生物多样性和生态系统服务产生大规模的影响。在芬诺斯堪的纳维亚，~90%的北方森林（~ 21 Mha）在结构上被简化，对森林结构要素如何塑造这些管理森林中的附生地衣的发生和多样性知之甚少。结构简化的一种形式是减少不同树种的数量和频率。由于许多地衣物种对寄主树有偏好，这种简化特别可能对管理森林中的地衣群落产生巨大影响。在40-70岁的北方森林在瑞典，因此，我们的发生和丰富的所有观察到的附生地衣的宿主树种和β和γ地衣多样性在森林的立场一级的立场的树种组成和茎直径。欧洲云杉的地衣丰富度最高，其次是樟子松、栎、赤杨、桦，和欧洲山杨。然而，P. tremula的稀有物种数量是其他树种的两倍。林分水平的β和γ多样性是两倍高的立场与四个树种相比，是最高的针叶树或落叶树占40-50%的树木。树干直径与地衣丰富度呈正相关，但与β多样性呈负相关。就生物多样性而言，这些发现意味着，在森林间伐过程中留下几棵不同物种的树木，不太可能像将濒危物种的救生艇树与均匀的树种混合物结合起来那样有效。
Greatly simplified ecosystems are often neglected for biodiversity studies. However, these simplified systems dominate in many regions of the world, and a lack of understanding of what shapes species occurrence in these systems can have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services at a massive scale. In Fennoscandia, ~90% of the boreal forest (~21Mha) is structurally simplified with little knowledge of how forest structural elements shape the occurrence and diversity of for example epiphytic lichens in these managed forests. One form of structural simplification is the reduction of the number and frequency of different tree species. As many lichen species have host tree preferences, it is particularly likely that this simplification has a huge effect on the lichen community in managed forests. In a 40–70 years old boreal forest in Sweden, we therefore related the occurrence and richness of all observed epiphytic lichens to the host tree species and beta and gamma lichen diversity at the forest stand level to the stand’s tree species composition and stem diameter. Picea abies hosted the highest lichen richness followed by Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur, Alnus glutinosa, Betula spp., and Populus tremula. However, P. tremula hosted twice as many uncommon species as any of the other tree species. Stand level beta and gamma diversity was twice as high on stands with four compared to one tree species, and was highest when either coniferous or deciduous trees made up 40–50% of the trees. The stem diameter was positively related to lichen richness at the tree and stand level, but negatively to beta diversity. For biodiversity, these findings imply that leaving a few trees of a different species during forest thinning is unlikely as effective as combining life-boat trees for endangered species with an even tree species mixture.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bäcklund S;Jönsson M;Strengbom J;Frisch A;Thor G
通讯作者：
Thor G
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Johansson, Victor;Wikstrom, Carl-Johan;Hylander, Kristoffer
通讯作者：
Hylander, Kristoffer
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Carrillo, Carmen M.;Valera, Francisco;Moreno, Eulalia
通讯作者：
Moreno, Eulalia
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Frisch, Andreas;Rudolphi, Jorgen;Gustafsson, Lena
通讯作者：
Gustafsson, Lena