Wavy cracks in drying colloidal films

Wavy cracks in drying colloidal films
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干燥胶体膜中出现波状裂纹

DOI:
10.1039/c1sm05979c
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发表时间:
2011
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Goehring L
Goehring L
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goehring L

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断裂力学成功地预测了裂纹何时会扩大。然而,描述裂缝的路径仍然很困难。裂纹路径的研究最近集中在一个单一的实验系统,即热淬火玻璃,在不同的条件下出现直线、波浪、螺旋和分支裂纹。目前已经开发了几种裂纹路径预测模型,但没有一种是被普遍接受的。在这里,我们表明,缓慢振荡波浪式裂纹可以形成在干燥的胶体分散。这些干燥膜受到垂直于裂纹扩展平均方向的大应力梯度。在这些条件下,现有的模型不能预测周期路径。相反,我们展示了如何通过允许裂纹向最大能量释放率方向弯曲来模拟裂纹路径。这不仅解释了干燥薄膜中的波浪裂纹,并且正确地描述了我们实验的波长依赖性,而且通常适用于预测空间变化应力场中的裂纹路径。
Fracture mechanics successfully predicts when cracks will grow. Describing the path that cracks follow, however, has remained difficult. The study of crack paths has recently focused on a single experimental system, that of thermally quenched glass, where straight, wavy, helical, and branched cracks appear under different conditions. Several models of crack path prediction have been developed but none is generally accepted. Here we show that slowly oscillating wavy cracks can form during the drying of a colloidal dispersion. These drying films are subject to large stress gradients perpendicular to the mean direction of crack growth. Under these conditions existing models do not predict periodic paths. We show, instead, how to model crack paths by allowing a growing crack to curve towards the direction of maximum energy release rate. Not only does this explain wavy cracks in drying films, and correctly describe the wavelength dependence of our experiments, but it is generally applicable to predicting crack paths in spatially varying stress fields.
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