Quantitative Videostudien zum gymnasialen Biologieunterricht in Deutschland – Aktuelle Tendenzen und Entwicklungen
Quantitative Videostudien zum gymnasialen Biologieunterricht in Deutschland – Aktuelle Tendenzen und Entwicklungen
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德国高中生物课程的定量视频研究——当前趋势和发展
DOI：
10.1007/s40573-015-0033-9
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Neuhaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
von Kotzebue;Förtsch;Reinold;Werner;Sczudlek;Neuhaus
在过去的10年里，有三个定量的视频研究试图说明在德国中学生物课的质量。这些研究的主要目的是确定那些教师和教学特点，对学生的学习成绩有最积极的影响。首先，DFG资助的研究小组nwu-Essen试图用几个一般和特定学科的质量特征来描述生物课。结果发现，这些特点在课堂上的体现程度与学生的变量之间存在着一些关系。DFG资助的项目LerNT和BMBF资助的项目ProwiN在分析中，除了录像课程外，还包括所有的教学材料以及教师进行的口头和书面测试。LerNT项目特别强调对教师关于学科核心理念和能力的信念和动机取向的分析。为了确保对录像课的效果进行全面分析，重点关注了学科核心思想和能力导向任务的使用以及学生在基于内容和过程相关任务中的表现。然而，ProwiN项目的主要重点是分析教师的专业知识及其对教师课堂行动和学生考试动机和成绩的影响。可以说，迄今为止，查询数量的增加与方法的不断改进是分不开的。首先，我们成功地更好地协调了所使用的测量仪器。二是考核方法对数据结构的调整有了明显改进。最后，编码手册越来越少地提到表面结构变量，但越来越多地提到深层结构变量，这些变量是根据成绩单进行分析的。总而言之，我们可以说，定量视频研究的方法允许对整个因果链（教师-教学-学生）进行更有区别的观察。
In the past 10 years there have been three quantitative video studies trying to illustrate the quality of biology lessons at secondary school level in Germany. The primary object of these studies has been to identify those teacher and instruction characteristics which have the most positive effect on the students’ learning performance. First the DFG-funded research group nwu-Essen tried to describe the biology lessons using several general and subject-specific quality characteristics. As a result, a couple of relationships between the extent to which these characteristics had been implemented in the lessons and the students’ variables could be found. The DFG-funded project LerNT and the BMBF-project ProwiN included in their analysis, in addition to the videotaped lessons, all the teaching material as well as the oral and written tests made by the teachers. The LerNT-project puts a special emphasis on the analysis of the teachers’ beliefs and their motivational orientations concerning the disciplinary core ideas as well as the competencies. To assure a thorough analysis of the effects of the videotaped lessons, the use of disciplinary core idea- and competence-oriented tasks as well as the students’ performances in content-based and process-related tasks were focused. The main focus of the ProwiN-project, however, is on the analysis of the teachers’ professional knowledge and its impact on the teachers’ actions in the classroom and on the students’ motivations and performances in tests. One might say that the increase in the number of enquiries so far goes hand in hand with the continuous improvement of the methods. First, one has succeeded in better coordinating the measuring instruments used. Second, the adjustment of the assessment methods to the structure of the data has been clearly improved. Finally, the coding manuals are referring less and less to the surface structure variables but increasingly to the deep structure variables, which were analyzed on the basis of transcripts. All in all, one can state that the method of quantitative video studies allows a much more differentiated view of the full causal chain: teacher – instruction – students.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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