Antihypertensive effects of exercise involve reshaping of gut microbiota and improvement of gut-brain axis in spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Antihypertensive effects of exercise involve reshaping of gut microbiota and improvement of gut-brain axis in spontaneously hypertensive rat.
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运动的抗高血压作用涉及重塑自发性高血压大鼠的肠道微生物群和改善肠脑轴
DOI：
10.1080/19490976.2020.1854642
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
12.2
通讯作者：
Kang YM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xia WJ;Xu ML;Yu XJ;Du MM;Li XH;Yang T;Li L;Li Y;Kang KB;Su Q;Xu JX;Shi XL;Wang XM;Li HB;Kang YM
长期以来，运动(Ex)被认为对高血压(HTN)有好处。再加上肠道微生物失调和肠道-脑轴受损的证据，我们假设肠道微生物区系的重塑和受损的肠道-脑轴的改善在一定程度上与锻炼的有益影响有关。雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和Wistar京都大鼠(WKY)随机分为安静组、训练组和非训练组。训练后的大鼠接受了12周的中等强度运动，而去训练组进行了8周的中等强度运动，然后进行了4周的去训练。分析粪便微生物区系、肠道病理、肠道炎症和通透性、脑小胶质细胞和神经炎症。我们观察到运动训练导致自发性高血压大鼠的收缩压持续下降。这与微生物α多样性的增加、β多样性的改变以及有益细菌属的丰富有关。此外，运动后SHR激活的小胶质细胞数量减少，下丘脑室旁核的神经炎症，肠道病理，炎症和通透性也得到改善。有趣的是，短期的减训并没有消除这些由运动引起的改善。最后，将运动后的自发性高血压患者的粪便微生物区系移植到久坐状态的自发性高血压患者体内，可降低收缩压并改善肠-脑轴。这些观察结果支持我们的观点，即肠-脑轴受损与HTN有关，运动可以改善这种损害，从而产生降压效应。
Exercise (Ex) has long been recognized to produce beneficial effects on hypertension (HTN). This coupled with evidence of gut dysbiosis and an impaired gut-brain axis led us to hypothesize that reshaping of gut microbiota and improvement in impaired gut-brain axis would, in part, be associated with beneficial influence of exercise. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomized into sedentary, trained, and detrained groups. Trained rats underwent moderate-intensity exercise for 12 weeks, whereas, detrained groups underwent 8 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise followed by 4 weeks of detraining. Fecal microbiota, gut pathology, intestinal inflammation, and permeability, brain microglia and neuroinflammation were analyzed. We observed that exercise training resulted in a persistent decrease in systolic blood pressure in the SHR. This was associated with increase in microbial α diversity, altered β diversity, and enrichment of beneficial bacterial genera. Furthermore, decrease in the number of activated microglia, neuroinflammation in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, improved gut pathology, inflammation, and permeability were also observed in the SHR following exercise. Interestingly, short-term detraining did not abolish these exercise-mediated improvements. Finally, fecal microbiota transplantation from exercised SHR into sedentary SHR resulted in attenuated SBP and an improved gut-brain axis. These observations support our concept that an impaired gut-brain axis is linked to HTN and exercise ameliorates this impairment to induce antihypertensive effects.
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