Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance.
Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance.
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循环睾丸激素是运动表现性别差异的激素基础。
DOI：
10.1210/er.2018-00020
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
Bermon S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Handelsman DJ;Hirschberg AL;Bermon S
由于男子在力量、速度、耐力等方面的身体优势，精英竞技比赛设有男女分开的项目，因此需要有一个受保护的女子组别，并有客观的参赛标准。在青春期之前，循环睾酮浓度或运动表现不存在性别差异，但从青春期开始，随着男性循环睾酮浓度的升高，运动表现出现明显的性别差异，因为睾丸产生的睾酮比青春期前多30倍，而循环睾酮超过任何年龄女性的15倍。男性和女性的循环睾酮浓度存在很大的性别差异，并且循环睾酮与肌肉质量和力量以及循环血红蛋白之间存在可重复的剂量反应关系。这些二分法在很大程度上解释了肌肉质量和力量以及循环血红蛋白水平的性别差异，导致男性至少具有 8% 至 12% 的机能优势。抑制高雄激素运动员升高的循环睾酮会对表现产生负面影响，当抑制停止时，这种影响会逆转。基于循环睾酮浓度的非重叠双峰分布（通过液相色谱-质谱法测量），并考虑到患有轻度雄激素过多症的女性，特别是患有多囊卵巢综合征的女性（在精英体育运动中所占比例过高），女性体育赛事的适当资格标准应该是循环睾酮<5.0 nmol/L。这将包括除未治疗的性发育雄激素过多症和不顺从的男变女变性者以及接受睾酮治疗的女变男变性者或雄激素服用者之外的所有女性。
Elite athletic competitions have separate male and female events due to men’s physical advantages in strength, speed, and endurance so that a protected female category with objective entry criteria is required. Prior to puberty, there is no sex difference in circulating testosterone concentrations or athletic performance, but from puberty onward a clear sex difference in athletic performance emerges as circulating testosterone concentrations rise in men because testes produce 30 times more testosterone than before puberty with circulating testosterone exceeding 15-fold that of women at any age. There is a wide sex difference in circulating testosterone concentrations and a reproducible dose-response relationship between circulating testosterone and muscle mass and strength as well as circulating hemoglobin in both men and women. These dichotomies largely account for the sex differences in muscle mass and strength and circulating hemoglobin levels that result in at least an 8% to 12% ergogenic advantage in men. Suppression of elevated circulating testosterone of hyperandrogenic athletes results in negative effects on performance, which are reversed when suppression ceases. Based on the nonoverlapping, bimodal distribution of circulating testosterone concentration (measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry)—and making an allowance for women with mild hyperandrogenism, notably women with polycystic ovary syndrome (who are overrepresented in elite athletics)—the appropriate eligibility criterion for female athletic events should be a circulating testosterone of <5.0 nmol/L. This would include all women other than those with untreated hyperandrogenic disorders of sexual development and noncompliant male-to-female transgender as well as testosterone-treated female-to-male transgender or androgen dopers.
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影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Berdnikovs, S.;Bernstein, M.;German, R. Z.
通讯作者：
German, R. Z.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bhasin, Shalender;Parker, Robert A.;Shikuma, Cecilia M.
通讯作者：
Shikuma, Cecilia M.
影响因子：
18.4
作者：
Bermon, Stephane;Garnier, Pierre-Yves
通讯作者：
Garnier, Pierre-Yves
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Berria, Rachele;Gastaldelli, Amalia;DeFronzo, Ralph
通讯作者：
DeFronzo, Ralph
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Bermon, Stephane;Garnier, Pierre Yves;Ritzen, Martin
通讯作者：
Ritzen, Martin