Virus Entry: Looking Back and Moving Forward.
Virus Entry: Looking Back and Moving Forward.
复制标题
病毒进入：回顾并前进。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmb.2018.03.034
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发表时间：
2018-06-22
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Helenius A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Helenius A
超过半个世纪的研究已经提供了动物病毒进入宿主细胞的机制的合理准确的图片。进入的连续步骤包括与受体结合、内吞作用、穿过一个或多个膜、靶向细胞内的特定位点以及基因组的脱壳。对于某些病毒，分子间的相互作用是非常详细的。然而，随着更多的病毒被分析，并且随着焦点从组织培养转移到体内实验，很明显，病毒在受体使用、内吞机制、穿透位置和脱壳机制方面显示出相当大的冗余和灵活性。对于许多病毒来说，这一图景仍然难以捉摸，因为它们参与的相互作用依赖于对复杂细胞功能和防御机制的复杂适应。使用广泛的技术组合的研究提供了关于许多动物病毒进入和脱壳的详细信息。不仅细胞表面受体的身份，而且它们在质膜和微区中的分布决定了细胞向性和感染效率。大多数病毒通过内吞机制进入并从各种不同的细胞器渗透到细胞内的胞质溶胶中。这一图景往往是难以捉摸的，因为许多病毒在受体选择和进入策略上表现出冗余。
Research over a period of more than half a century has provided a reasonably accurate picture of mechanisms involved in animal virus entry into their host cells. Successive steps in entry include binding to receptors, endocytosis, passage through one or more membranes, targeting to specific sites within the cell, and uncoating of the genome. For some viruses, the molecular interactions are known in great detail. However, as more viruses are analyzed, and as the focus shifts from tissue culture to in vivo experiments, it is evident that viruses display considerable redundancy and flexibility in receptor usage, endocytic mechanism, location of penetration, and uncoating mechanism. For many viruses, the picture is still elusive because the interactions that they engage in rely on sophisticated adaptation to complex cellular functions and defense mechanisms. Studies using a broad combination of technologies have provided detailed information on the entry and uncoating of many animal viruses. Not only the identity of cell surface receptors but their distribution in plasma membrane and in microdomains defines cell tropism and infection efficiency. The majority of viruses enter by endocytic mechanisms and penetrate into the cytosol intracellularly from a variety of different organelles. The picture is often elusive because many viruses display redundancy in receptor choice and entry strategy.
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影响因子：
6.7
作者：
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