Mobile DNA elements in the generation of diversity and complexity in the brain.

Mobile DNA elements in the generation of diversity and complexity in the brain.
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DOI:
10.1038/nrn3730
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发表时间:
2014-08
影响因子:
34.7
通讯作者:
Gage, Fred H.
Gage, Fred H.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Erwin, Jennifer A.;Marchetto, Maria C.;Gage, Fred H.

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移动的元件是可以改变其在基因组内的位置(反转录转座)的DNA序列。尽管其生物学功能在很大程度上未被认识到,但源自移动的元件的DNA构成了人类基因组的近一半。长期以来,人们一直认为神经元基因组是不变的;然而,最近的研究表明,移动的元件在神经发生过程中积极逆转录转座,从而在神经元之间产生基因组多样性。此外,越来越多的数据表明,移动的元件在某些神经系统疾病中被错误调节,包括Rett综合征和精神分裂症。
Mobile elements are DNA sequences that can change their position (retrotranspose) within the genome. Although its biological function is largely unappreciated, DNA derived from mobile elements comprises nearly half of the human genome. It has long been thought that neuronal genomes are invariable; however, recent studies have demonstrated that mobile elements actively retrotranspose during neurogenesis, thereby creating genomic diversity between neurons. In addition, mounting data demonstrate that mobile elements are misregulated in certain neurological disorders, including Rett syndrome and schizophrenia.
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