Determinants of personal demand for an AIDS vaccine in Uganda: contingent valuation survey.
Determinants of personal demand for an AIDS vaccine in Uganda: contingent valuation survey.
复制标题
乌干达艾滋病疫苗个人需求的决定因素：或有评估调查。
DOI：
10.1590/s0042-96862004000900006
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
K. Hill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Bishai;G. Pariyo;M. Ainsworth;K. Hill
目的
评估在一个高流行率、低收入国家，影响主要收入和生育年龄的成年人对艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫苗需求的因素，以及疫苗接种对危险行为的影响。
方法
在乌干达12个地区对1677名18-60岁的成年人进行了一项或有估价调查。受访者被问及预防艾滋病毒感染的假设疫苗。家庭被随机分配调查问卷，两个水平的疫苗效力（50%或95%）和五个价格之一。采用多元回归分析评估人口统计学特征、疫苗效力、自我评估的感染风险、价格和家庭资产对疫苗需求的影响。
结果
总的来说，94%（1576/1677）的受访者愿意接种免费的艾滋病毒/艾滋病疫苗; 31%（78/251）的受访者不愿意接种5000乌干达先令（2.86美元）的疫苗。家庭财富、疫苗价格和风险行为是个人需求的重要决定因素。对低效力和高效力疫苗的需求同样高。受访者认为，与低效力疫苗（690/843; 81.8%）相比，高效力疫苗（655/825; 79.4%）使用安全套的必要性略低。然而，在没有疫苗的情况下，报告的与配偶以外的伴侣使用安全套的情况要低得多（137/271; 50.6%），26%（175/670）的男性和9.5%（96/1007）的女性报告在过去一年中有配偶以外的伴侣。
结论
对任何有效水平的艾滋病疫苗的高需求可以用乌干达艾滋病的严重死亡来解释：72%（990/1371）的受访者因这种疾病失去了一名家庭成员。艾滋病疫苗将是自我定向的：那些更有可能感染和传播艾滋病毒的人更有可能寻求疫苗，从而提高疫苗接种计划的效率。然而，人群中的高风险行为水平表明，单靠低效力疫苗对这一流行病的影响有限。
OBJECTIVE
To assess the factors affecting demand for an HIV/AIDS vaccine among adults in their prime earning and childbearing years and the impact of vaccination on risk behaviour in a high-prevalence, low-income country.
METHODS
A contingent valuation survey of 1677 adults aged 18-60 years was conducted in 12 districts in Uganda. Respondents were asked about a hypothetical vaccine to prevent HIV infection. Households were randomly assigned survey questionnaires with one of two levels of vaccine efficacy (50% or 95%) and one of five prices. The influence of demographic characteristics, vaccine efficacy, self-assessed risk of infection, price, and household assets on vaccine demand was assessed using multivariate regression analysis.
FINDINGS
Altogether, 94% (1576/1677) of respondents would be willing to be vaccinated with a free HIV/AIDS vaccine; 31% (78/251) would not be willing to be vaccinated at a price of 5000 Ugandan shillings (2.86 U.S. dollars). Household wealth, vaccine price, and risk behaviour were significant determinants of individual demand. Demand was equally high for both low-efficacy and high-efficacy vaccines. Respondents believed that condom use would be slightly less necessary with a high-efficacy vaccine (655/825; 79.4%) than a low-efficacy vaccine (690/843; 81.8%). However, reported condom use with partners other than spouses in the absence of a vaccine was much lower (137/271; 50.6%), with 26% (175/670) of men and 9.5% (96/1007) of women reporting having had partners other than their spouses during the past year.
CONCLUSION
The high demand for an AIDS vaccine of any level of efficacy can be explained by the heavy toll of AIDS in Uganda: 72% (990/1371) of respondents had lost a family member to the disease. An AIDS vaccine would be self-targeting: those with a greater chance of becoming infected and spreading HIV would be more likely to seek a vaccine, improving the efficiency of vaccination programmes. However,,high levels of risk behaviour in the population suggest that a low-efficacy vaccine alone would have only a limited impact on the epidemic.
乌干达军队中的 HIV-1 风险和疫苗可接受性。
DOI：
10.1097/00042560-199708150-00008
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hom,DL;Johnson,JL;Mugyenyi,P;Byaruhanga,R;Kityo,C;Louglin,A;Svilar,GM;Vjecha,M;Mugerwa,RD;Ellner,JJ
通讯作者：
Ellner,JJ