An approximate representation of objects underlies physical reasoning.

An approximate representation of objects underlies physical reasoning.
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物体的近似表示是物理推理的基础。

DOI:
10.1037/xge0001439
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ullman, Tomer D.
Ullman, Tomer D.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Yichen;Wang, YingQiao;Boger, Tal;Smith, Kevin A.;Gershman, Samuel J.;Ullman, Tomer D.

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人们对日常物品的物理行为做出快速而合理的预测。为了做到这一点,人们可能会使用原则性的思维捷径,比如对象简化,类似于工程师为实时物理模拟开发的模型。我们假设人们使用简化的物体近似来跟踪和行动(身体表征),而不是使用细粒度的形式来进行视觉识别(形状表征)。我们在分离身体和形状的新设置中使用了三个经典的心理物理任务(因果关系感知、碰撞时间和变化检测)。人们在不同任务中的行为表明,他们依赖于粗糙的身体进行物理推理,这介于凸壳和细粒度形状之间。我们的经验和计算结果揭示了人们用来理解日常动态的基本表征,以及这些表征与用于识别的表征有何不同。
People make fast and reasonable predictions about the physical behavior of everyday objects. To do so, people may use principled mental shortcuts, such as object simplification, similar to models developed by engineers for real-time physical simulations. We hypothesize that people use simplified object approximations for tracking and action (the body representation), as opposed to fine-grained forms for visual recognition (the shape representation). We used three classic psychophysical tasks (causality perception, time-to-collision, and change detection) in novel settings that dissociate body and shape. People’s behavior across tasks indicates that they rely on coarse bodies for physical reasoning, which lies between convex hulls and fine-grained shapes. Our empirical and computational findings shed light on basic representations people use to understand everyday dynamics, and how these representations differ from those used for recognition.
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