Adrenergic and nitrergic neurotransmitters are released by the autonomic system of the pig long posterior ciliary artery.
Adrenergic and nitrergic neurotransmitters are released by the autonomic system of the pig long posterior ciliary artery.
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肾上腺素能和氮能神经递质由猪睫状后长动脉的自主系统释放。
DOI：
10.3109/02713689409015094
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
S. Cringle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Su;V. Alder;Dao;S. Cringle
研究了自主神经末梢向猪近端纤毛后长动脉（LPCA）释放的肾上腺素能、毒碱和一氧化氮等神经递质的作用。猪的近端LPCA通常同时提供葡萄膜和视网膜循环。在这项研究中，使用0.2毫秒脉冲5秒的电场刺激，对被动拉伸并具有去甲肾上腺素诱导张力的体外动脉环段进行神经源性刺激（NS）。NS在所有血管中产生频率依赖性收缩，这种收缩被10(-6)M河豚毒素完全消除。在整个研究过程中使用了40赫兹的刺激，因为它产生了最大的神经收缩。10(-5) M胍乙啶消除了ns诱导的收缩，并显示出ns诱导的松弛，α肾上腺素能阻滞剂酚妥拉明在被动拉伸的血管中也是如此。肾上腺素能阻滞剂心得安仅能轻微减轻神经刺激引起的收缩。在去甲肾上腺素预收缩的血管中，NS产生与张力(C)成比例的松弛(D)，即D = (0.30 +/- 0.04).C +(0.24 +/- 0.06)。毒蕈碱阻滞剂阿托品对ns诱导的松弛没有影响，这意味着它是一个非肾上腺素能、非胆碱能介导的系统。用nw -硝基- l -精氨酸甲酯孵育可将ns诱导的松弛降低至对照值的48%，在过量的l -精氨酸存在下，这种降低正好相反。内皮细胞功能的损伤并没有减少ns诱导的松弛。结果表明，LPCA近端的自主神经支配同时释放收缩和松弛神经递质。收缩是由肾上腺素能神经递质介导的。至少有两种神经递质介导放松，其中一种可能是一氧化氮。没有功能证据表明交感神经系统释放β肾上腺素能神经递质或副交感神经系统释放乙酰胆碱。
The role played by adrenergic, muscarinic and nitric oxide putative neurotransmitters released from autonomic nerve endings onto the pig proximal long posterior ciliary artery (LPCA) was determined. The proximal LPCA in the pig usually supplies both the uveal and retinal circulations. In this study, in vitro ring segments of the artery, passively stretched and with noradrenaline-induced tone, were neurogenically stimulated (NS) using electrical field stimulation with 5-sec trains of 0.2 msec pulses. NS produced a frequency dependent contraction in all vessels which was completely abolished by 10(-6) M tetrodotoxin. 40 Hz stimulation was used throughout the study as it produced a maximal NS contraction. 10(-5) M guanethidine abolished the NS-induced contraction and revealed a NS-induced relaxation, as did the alpha adrenergic blocker, phentolamine, in vessels passively stretched. The beta adrenergic blocker, propranolol, only slightly reduced the NS-induced constriction. In vessels pre-contracted with noradrenaline, NS produced a relaxation (D) which was proportional in magnitude to the tone (C) viz. D = (0.30 +/- 0.04).C + (0.24 +/- 0.06). The muscarinic blocker, atropine, had no effect on the NS-induced relaxation, implying that it is a non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic mediated system. Incubation with Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester reduced the NS-induced relaxation to 48% of its control value, a reduction which was reversed in the presence of excess L-arginine. Damage to endothelial cell function did not reduce the NS-induced relaxation. It is concluded that the autonomic innervation of the proximal LPCA releases both contraction and relaxation neurotransmitters. Contraction is mediated by an alpha adrenergic neurotransmitter. At least two neurotransmitters mediate relaxation, one of which is probably nitric oxide. There is no functional evidence for the release of beta adrenergic neurotransmitter from the sympathetic system or acetylcholine from the parasympathetic system.
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血管活性肠多肽（VIP）：对眼睛和局部血流的影响。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-1716.1984.tb07470.x
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
Acta physiologica Scandinavica
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nilsson,SF;Bill,A
通讯作者：
Bill,A
神经肽 Y 和人眼的神经支配。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Stone,RA
通讯作者：
Stone,RA
供应大鼠眼睛的自主神经元和血管活性肠多肽（VIP）样免疫反应性的眼眶内分布。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Kuwayama,Y;Grimes,PA;Ponte,B;Stone,RA
通讯作者：
Stone,RA
恒河猴脑中的强啡肽原免疫细胞化学。
影响因子：
3
作者：
Khachaturian,H;Lewis,ME;Haber,SN;Houghten,RA;Akil,H;Watson,SJ
通讯作者：
Watson,SJ