Biomarkers of manganese intoxication.
Biomarkers of manganese intoxication.
复制标题
锰中毒的生物标志物。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuro.2010.10.002
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发表时间：
2011-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Cowan DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zheng W;Fu SX;Dydak U;Cowan DM
锰(Mn)被吸收后，主要被隔离在组织和细胞内。由于这个原因，血液中的锰浓度并不总是准确地反映目标组织中的锰浓度，特别是在大脑中。组织或细胞内锰浓度之间的差异意味着，在许多情况下，血液中的锰不是锰暴露或毒性的生物标志物，必须建立其他生物标志物。对于活跃工人的群体比较，血锰在区分接触者和非接触者方面有一定的实用价值，尽管平均值的巨大变异性使其对区分一个人和研究人群的其他人不敏感。众所周知，锰暴露会改变铁(Fe)的动态平衡。血浆或红细胞中的锰/铁比值(MIR)不仅反映了受试者体内锰或铁的稳态浓度，而且还反映了对锰暴露的生物反应(铁稳态改变)。最近的人体研究支持使用MIR来区分接触锰的个体的潜在价值。此外，磁共振成像结合磁共振波谱(MRS)对γ-氨基丁酸的非侵入性评估，提供了令人信服的锰暴露证据，即使没有锰中毒的临床症状也是如此。对于长期、低剂量接触锰的受试者或过去接触过但现在没有接触过的受试者，无论是血液中的锰还是核磁共振都不能确定是锰暴露还是中毒。虽然血浆或红细胞MIR更有可能是一项敏感的指标，但普通人群中MIR的临界值需要进一步测试和确定。考虑到锰在骨骼中的大量积累，开发一种X射线荧光光谱学或基于中子的光谱学方法可能会创造另一种新的非侵入性工具来评估锰的暴露和毒性。
Manganese (Mn), upon absorption, is primarily sequestered in tissue and intracellular compartments. For this reason, blood Mn concentration does not always accurately reflect Mn concentration in the targeted tissue, particularly in the brain. The discrepancy between Mn concentrations in tissue or intracellular components means that blood Mn is a poor biomarker of Mn exposure or toxicity under many conditions and that other biomarkers must be established. For group comparisons of active workers, blood Mn has some utility for distinguishing exposed from unexposed subjects, although the large variability in mean values renders it insensitive for discriminating one individual from the rest of the study population. Mn exposure is known to alter iron (Fe) homeostasis. The Mn/Fe ratio (MIR) in plasma or erythrocytes reflects not only steady-state concentrations of Mn or Fe in tested individuals, but also a biological response (altered Fe homeostasis) to Mn exposure. Recent human studies support the potential value for using MIR to distinguish individuals with Mn exposure. Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in combination with noninvasive assessment of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), provides convincing evidence of Mn exposure, even without clinical symptoms of Mn intoxication. For subjects with long-term, low-dose Mn exposure or for those exposed in the past but not the present, neither blood Mn nor MRI provides a confident distinction for Mn exposure or intoxication. While plasma or erythrocyte MIR is more likely a sensitive measure, the cut-off values for MIR among the general population need to be further tested and established. Considering the large accumulation of Mn in bone, developing an X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy or neutron-based spectroscopy method may create yet another novel non-invasive tool for assessing Mn exposure and toxicity.
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3.4
作者：
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