Dying in the Sun: Direct evidence for elevated UV-B radiation at the end-Permian mass extinction.

Dying in the Sun: Direct evidence for elevated UV-B radiation at the end-Permian mass extinction.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abo6102
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发表时间:
2023-01-06
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
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中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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陆地植物可以调节其生殖繁殖外壁中保护紫外线B(UV-B)吸收化合物(UAC)的浓度,以响应周围的UV-B通量。为了推断二叠纪末期大灭绝期间地球表面UV-B辐射通量的变化,我们分析了西藏独立测年的二叠系-三叠系界线剖面约800个花粉粒中的UAC丰度。我们的数据显示,UAC的漂移与汞浓度的峰值和最新的二叠纪沉积物中的碳同位素负漂移相吻合,这表明大规模火山喷发、全球碳和汞循环扰动以及臭氧层破坏之间存在密切的时间联系。由于增强的UV-B辐射会加剧大规模岩浆作用引起的环境恶化,臭氧消耗被认为是导致地球大灭绝的一个引人注目的生态驱动因素。化石花粉中的UV-B吸收化合物表明UV-B辐射是陆地二叠纪末期物种灭绝的原因之一。
Land plants can adjust the concentration of protective ultraviolet B (UV-B)–absorbing compounds (UACs) in the outer wall of their reproductive propagules in response to ambient UV-B flux. To infer changes in UV-B radiation flux at Earth’s surface during the end-Permian mass extinction, we analyze UAC abundances in ca. 800 pollen grains from an independently dated Permian-Triassic boundary section in Tibet. Our data reveal an excursion in UACs that coincide with a spike in mercury concentration and a negative carbon-isotope excursion in the latest Permian deposits, suggesting a close temporal link between large-scale volcanic eruptions, global carbon and mercury cycle perturbations, and ozone layer disruption. Because enhanced UV-B radiation can exacerbate the environmental deterioration induced by massive magmatism, ozone depletion is considered a compelling ecological driver for the terrestrial mass extinction. UV-B-absorbing compounds in fossil pollen suggest that UV-B radiation was a cause of the terrestrial end-Permian extinction.
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