Consensus, uncertainties and challenges for perennial bioenergy crops and land use.
Consensus, uncertainties and challenges for perennial bioenergy crops and land use.
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DOI：
10.1111/gcbb.12488
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发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McNamara NP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whitaker J;Field JL;Bernacchi CJ;Cerri CEP;Ceulemans R;Davies CA;DeLucia EH;Donnison IS;McCalmont JP;Paustian K;Rowe RL;Smith P;Thornley P;McNamara NP
多年生生物能源作物在减少温室气体（GHG）排放方面具有巨大潜力，并通过替代化石燃料为减缓气候变化做出贡献;然而，要实现显著的GHG节约，需要在全球范围内进行大量的土地利用变化。在过去十年中，研究使人们更好地理解了向多年生生物能源作物过渡的环境效益和风险，解决了土地向多年生生物能源作物过渡可能导致温室气体排放增加而不是减少的问题。对于政策制定者来说，为了评估部署和减缓气候变化的最具成本效益和可持续性的选择，需要综合这些研究来支持基于证据的决策。2015年，与来自英国，欧盟和国际的研究人员，政策制定者和行业/企业代表举行了研讨会。对全球生物能源土地利用变化研究的结果进行了比较，以确定共识领域、关键不确定性和研究优先事项。在这里，我们讨论了支持和反对六个共识声明的证据强度，这些声明总结了土地利用变化对多年生生物能源作物在生物能源生产的整个生命周期背景下碳，氮和水循环的影响。我们的分析表明，专用多年生生物能源作物对土壤碳和一氧化二氮的直接影响越来越被人们所了解，并且通常与生物能源相对于传统能源的生命周期温室气体减排相一致。我们的结论是，多年生生物能源作物种植的温室气体平衡往往是有利的，最大限度地实现温室气体减排的作物生长在土壤中的低碳储量和保守的营养应用，积累额外的环境效益，如改善水质。本文报告的分析表明，生物能源种植的环境效益和风险有一个成熟和日益全面的证据基础，可以支持可持续生物能源产业的发展。
Perennial bioenergy crops have significant potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation by substituting for fossil fuels; yet delivering significant GHG savings will require substantial land‐use change, globally. Over the last decade, research has delivered improved understanding of the environmental benefits and risks of this transition to perennial bioenergy crops, addressing concerns that the impacts of land conversion to perennial bioenergy crops could result in increased rather than decreased GHG emissions. For policymakers to assess the most cost‐effective and sustainable options for deployment and climate change mitigation, synthesis of these studies is needed to support evidence‐based decision making. In 2015, a workshop was convened with researchers, policymakers and industry/business representatives from the UK, EU and internationally. Outcomes from global research on bioenergy land‐use change were compared to identify areas of consensus, key uncertainties, and research priorities. Here, we discuss the strength of evidence for and against six consensus statements summarising the effects of land‐use change to perennial bioenergy crops on the cycling of carbon, nitrogen and water, in the context of the whole life‐cycle of bioenergy production. Our analysis suggests that the direct impacts of dedicated perennial bioenergy crops on soil carbon and nitrous oxide are increasingly well understood and are often consistent with significant life cycle GHG mitigation from bioenergy relative to conventional energy sources. We conclude that the GHG balance of perennial bioenergy crop cultivation will often be favourable, with maximum GHG savings achieved where crops are grown on soils with low carbon stocks and conservative nutrient application, accruing additional environmental benefits such as improved water quality. The analysis reported here demonstrates there is a mature and increasingly comprehensive evidence base on the environmental benefits and risks of bioenergy cultivation which can support the development of a sustainable bioenergy industry.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1111/gcbb.12369
发表时间：
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期刊：
Global change biology. Bioenergy
影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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