Free-flight odor tracking in Drosophila is consistent with an optimal intermittent scale-free search.
Free-flight odor tracking in Drosophila is consistent with an optimal intermittent scale-free search.
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果蝇中的自由飞行气味跟踪与最佳间歇性无标度搜索一致。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0000354
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发表时间：
2007-04-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Frye, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reynolds, Andy M.;Frye, Mark A.
在静止空气中的轨迹中，果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）使用一系列笔直的飞行路径探索它们的景观，并伴有快速的90°身体扫视。一些扫视是由与避免碰撞相关联的视觉扩展触发的。然而，许多扫视不是由视觉线索触发的，而是自发出现的。我们的分析表明，这些视觉上独立的扫视和飞行间隔之间的控制构成了一个最佳的无标度主动搜索策略。果蝇在自由飞行过程中明显的数学最优性的两个特征是根据平方反比定律分布的扫视间隔长度，其不随景观尺度而变化，以及90°扫视角度，这增加了重新访问领土的可能性，从而降低了错过附近目标的可能性。我们还表明，搜索是间歇性的，主动搜索阶段随机交替搬迁阶段。在行为上，这种不稳定性反映在频繁发生的短的、慢速的扫视间间隔与更罕见的、更长的、更快的扫视间间隔随机交替。搜索在长度的数量级上类似地缩放的模式（即，无标度）在微型浮游动物、大黄蜂、信天翁和蜘蛛猴等多种动物中已经发现，但这些动物似乎没有在转向角度方面得到优化，而果蝇自由飞行搜索却做到了。此外，间歇性的搜索模式，如这里报道的果蝇，已经观察到觅食，如食鱼和地面觅食的鸟类。我们的研究结果与自由飞行的果蝇可能构成的搜索行为，这是无尺度和间歇性的第一个报告的例子。
During their trajectories in still air, fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) explore their landscape using a series of straight flight paths punctuated by rapid 90° body-saccades. Some saccades are triggered by visual expansion associated with collision avoidance. Yet many saccades are not triggered by visual cues, but rather appear spontaneously. Our analysis reveals that the control of these visually independent saccades and the flight intervals between them constitute an optimal scale-free active searching strategy. Two characteristics of mathematical optimality that are apparent during free-flight in Drosophila are inter-saccade interval lengths distributed according to an inverse square law, which does not vary across landscape scale, and 90° saccade angles, which increase the likelihood that territory will be revisited and thereby reduce the likelihood that near-by targets will be missed. We also show that searching is intermittent, such that active searching phases randomly alternate with relocation phases. Behaviorally, this intermittency is reflected in frequently occurring short, slow speed inter-saccade intervals randomly alternating with rarer, longer, faster inter-saccade intervals. Searching patterns that scale similarly across orders of magnitude of length (i.e., scale-free) have been revealed in animals as diverse as microzooplankton, bumblebees, albatrosses, and spider monkeys, but these do not appear to be optimised with respect to turning angle, whereas Drosophila free-flight search does. Also, intermittent searching patterns, such as those reported here for Drosophila, have been observed in foragers such as planktivorous fish and ground foraging birds. Our results with freely flying Drosophila may constitute the first reported example of searching behaviour that is both scale-free and intermittent.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bartumeus, F;Da Luz, MGE;Catalan, J
通讯作者：
Catalan, J
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2137243100
发表时间：
2003-10-28
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bartumeus, F;Peters, F;Catalan, J
通讯作者：
Catalan, J
DOI：
10.1668/0003-1569(2001)041
发表时间：
2001-04-01
期刊：
AMERICAN ZOOLOGIST
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kramer, DL;McLaughlin, RL
通讯作者：
McLaughlin, RL
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Martin, JR
通讯作者：
Martin, JR
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Martin, JR;Faure, P;Ernst, R
通讯作者：
Ernst, R