Avoiding ocean mass extinction from climate warming
Avoiding ocean mass extinction from climate warming
复制标题
避免气候变暖导致的海洋大规模灭绝
作者：
J. Penn;C. Deutsch
全球变暖威胁着海洋生物群，其损失的严重程度未知。在这里，我们根据不同动物物种的生理生态极限和化石记录的校准，量化了海洋中一系列气候未来的全球和局部灭绝风险。随着温室气体排放的加速，仅因变暖和氧气耗尽而造成的物种损失就相当于目前世纪内人类的直接影响，最终导致与地球过去的物种灭绝相媲美的大规模灭绝。极地物种面临灭绝的风险最高，但热带地区的当地生物丰富度下降得更多。扭转温室气体排放趋势将使物种灭绝的风险降低70%以上，保护过去5000万年进化历史中积累的海洋生物多样性。描述气温升高，风险上升气候变化带来了物种和系统灭绝的风险增加。海洋物种面临着与水变暖和氧气耗尽有关的特殊风险。Penn和多伊奇研究了海洋物种在气候变暖过程中的灭绝风险，以及与生态生理学极限的关系（见Pinsky和Fredston的观点）。他们发现，在全球气温上升的情况下，海洋系统可能会经历与过去仅基于生态生理极限的大规模气候变化相当的大规模气候变化。然而，大幅度减少全球排放提供了实质性的保护，这强调需要迅速采取行动，防止可能发生的灾难性海洋灾害。除非温室气体迅速稳定下来，否则气候变化将威胁海洋生物多样性的大规模灭绝。
Global warming threatens marine biota with losses of unknown severity. Here, we quantify global and local extinction risks in the ocean across a range of climate futures on the basis of the ecophysiological limits of diverse animal species and calibration against the fossil record. With accelerating greenhouse gas emissions, species losses from warming and oxygen depletion alone become comparable to current direct human impacts within a century and culminate in a mass extinction rivaling those in Earth’s past. Polar species are at highest risk of extinction, but local biological richness declines more in the tropics. Reversing greenhouse gas emissions trends would diminish extinction risks by more than 70%, preserving marine biodiversity accumulated over the past ~50 million years of evolutionary history. Description Rising temperatures, rising risks Climate change brings with it the increasing risk of extinction across species and systems. Marine species face particular risks related to water warming and oxygen depletion. Penn and Deutsch looked at extinction risk for marine species across climate warming and as related to ecophysiological limits (see the Perspective by Pinsky and Fredston). They found that under business-as-usual global temperature increases, marine systems are likely to experience mass extinctions on par with past great extinctions based on ecophysiological limits alone. Drastically reducing global emissions, however, offers substantial protection, which emphasizes a need for rapid action to prevent possibly catastrophic marine extinctions. —SNV Climate change threatens marine biodiversity with a mass extinction unless greenhouse gases are rapidly stabilized.
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
Howard, Evan M.;Penn, Justin L.;Deutsch, Curtis
通讯作者：
Deutsch, Curtis
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Reddin, Carl J.;Kocsis, Adam T.;Kiessling, Wolfgang
通讯作者：
Kiessling, Wolfgang