The neurobiology of schizotypy: fronto-striatal prediction error signal correlates with delusion-like beliefs in healthy people.
The neurobiology of schizotypy: fronto-striatal prediction error signal correlates with delusion-like beliefs in healthy people.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.09.045
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Fletcher PC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Corlett PR;Fletcher PC
健康的人有时报告的经历和信念与精神病的症状惊人地相似，在他们的奇怪和明显缺乏证据支持他们。一个重要的问题是，这是否仅仅代表一种表面上的相似，还是像一些人所说的那样，存在一种真正的、深刻的相似，表明奇怪但健康的信仰与精神病症状之间存在连续统一体。我们试图通过确定预测错误的神经标记——先前显示在早期精神病中发生改变——是否在报告精神分裂型经历和信念的健康个体中也有类似的改变，来阐明这个问题。我们发现非临床分裂型经历与异常额叶和纹状体预测误差信号显著相关。这种相关性与信念带来的痛苦有关。鉴于我们之前的观察，首次发作的精神病患者表现出对预测错误的神经反应改变，而这种改变反过来又与他们妄想的严重程度有关，我们的研究结果提供了新的证据，支持分裂型与精神病的关系不仅仅是表面的描述水平。然而，情况是复杂的，尽管这些经历与纹状体反应的改变有关，但可能会引起痛苦，但仍可能被解释掉，而额叶皮层反应的额外改变可能会让这些信念变得更像错觉：侵入性和痛苦。没有精神病的人却持有不同寻常的、类似精神病的信念。魔法信仰与纹状体预测错误有关。痛苦的信念与异常的前额叶预测错误有关。这些发现在一定程度上支持了从健康的奇怪信念到错觉的连续统一体。
Healthy people sometimes report experiences and beliefs that are strikingly similar to the symptoms of psychosis in their bizarreness and the apparent lack of evidence supporting them. An important question is whether this represents merely a superficial resemblance or whether there is a genuine and deep similarity indicating, as some have suggested, a continuum between odd but healthy beliefs and the symptoms of psychotic illness. We sought to shed light on this question by determining whether the neural marker for prediction error - previously shown to be altered in early psychosis – is comparably altered in healthy individuals reporting schizotypal experiences and beliefs. We showed that non-clinical schizotypal experiences were significantly correlated with aberrant frontal and striatal prediction error signal. This correlation related to the distress associated with the beliefs. Given our previous observations that patients with first episode psychosis show altered neural responses to prediction error and that this alteration, in turn, relates to the severity of their delusional ideation, our results provide novel evidence in support of the view that schizotypy relates to psychosis at more than just a superficial descriptive level. However, the picture is a complex one in which the experiences, though associated with altered striatal responding, may provoke distress but may nonetheless be explained away, while an additional alteration in frontal cortical responding may allow the beliefs to become more delusion-like: intrusive and distressing. ► People without psychosis nevertheless hold unusual, psychotic-like beliefs. ► Magical beliefs are associated with inappropriate striatal prediction errors. ► Distressing beliefs are associated with aberrant prefrontal prediction error. ► These findings partially support a continuum from healthy odd beliefs to delusions.
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Corlett, PR;Aitken, MRF;Fletcher, PC
通讯作者：
Fletcher, PC
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Coltheart, Max;Menzies, Peter;Sutton, John
通讯作者：
Sutton, John
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2005.1622
发表时间：
2005-04-29
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Friston, KJ
通讯作者：
Friston, KJ
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Genovese, CR;Lazar, NA;Nichols, T
通讯作者：
Nichols, T
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Coltheart, Max;Langdon, Robyn;McKay, Ryan
通讯作者：
McKay, Ryan