Evidence that Rodents Are a Reservoir of Hepatitis E Virus for Humans in Nepal
Evidence that Rodents Are a Reservoir of Hepatitis E Virus for Humans in Nepal
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有证据表明啮齿动物是尼泊尔人类戊型肝炎病毒的宿主
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
D. Vaughn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Junkun He;B. Innis;M. P. Shrestha;E. Clayson;R. M. Scott;K. Linthicum;G. Musser;S. Gigliotti;L. Binn;R. Kuschner;D. Vaughn
摘要 戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是发展中国家肠道传播肝炎的重要原因。最近在美国和其他工业化国家报告了散发性戊型肝炎本土病例。这些病例中 HEV 感染的来源尚不清楚；有人提出人畜共患传播。在HEV流行地区的许多动物以及美国的家养猪和大鼠中都检测到了HEV抗体。有证据支持猪和人之间存在 HEV 传播。然而，尚未在野生啮齿动物中检测到 HEV。我们对困在尼泊尔加德满都谷地（戊型肝炎高发地区）的鼠类啮齿动物和家鼩进行了 HEV 感染检测。最常见的诱捕物种是褐家鼠 (Rattusrattusbrunneusculus)。通过酶联免疫吸附试验检测了 675 只动物的血清样本中针对 HEV 的免疫球蛋白 G； 78 例（12%）呈阳性，表明急性或既往感染。 R.rattus brunneusculus 和 Bandicota bengalensis 中的抗体流行率高于 Suncus murinus。来自 78 只抗体阳性动物的 44 份样本具有足够的残留量，可以通过逆转录 PCR 检测 HEV RNA（病毒血症）。 PCR 扩增检测到四只动物（9%；三只为 R. bratus brunneusculus，一只为 B. bengalensis）患有病毒血症。对恢复的四个基因组序列（衣壳基因中的 405 bp）进行的系统发育分析表明，它们是相同的，与来自尼泊尔的两个人类分离株最密切相关（分别为 95% 和 96% 核苷酸同源性），并且与其他地方分离的 HEV 序列不同。这些数据证明，某些家养啮齿动物在野外感染了HEV，并表明存在跨物种传播，啮齿动物是人类的病毒储存库。
ABSTRACT Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis in developing countries. Sporadic autochthonous cases of hepatitis E have been reported recently in the United States and other industrialized countries. The source of HEV infection in these cases is unknown; zoonotic transmission has been suggested. Antibodies to HEV have been detected in many animals in areas where HEV is endemic and in domestic swine and rats in the United States. There is evidence supporting HEV transmission between swine and humans. Nevertheless, HEV has not been detected in wild rodents. We tested murid rodents and house shrews trapped in Nepal's Kathmandu Valley, where hepatitis E is hyperendemic, for HEV infection. The most commonly trapped species was Rattus rattus brunneusculus. Serum samples from 675 animals were tested for immunoglobulin G against HEV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; 78 (12%) were positive, indicating acute or past infection. Antibody prevalence was higher among R. rattus brunneusculus and Bandicota bengalensis than in Suncus murinus. Forty-four specimens from 78 antibody-positive animals had sufficient residual volume for detection of HEV RNA (viremia) by reverse transcription-PCR. PCR amplification detected four animals (9%; three were R. rattus brunneusculus and one was B. bengalensis) with viremia. Phylogenetic analysis of the four genome sequences (405 bp in the capsid gene) recovered showed that they were identical, most closely related to two human isolates from Nepal (95 and 96% nucleotide homology, respectively), and distinct from HEV sequences isolated elsewhere. These data prove that certain peridomestic rodents acquire HEV in the wild and suggest that cross-species transmission occurs, with rodents serving as a virus reservoir for humans.
DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.1999.61.331
发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Kabrane-Lazizi, Y;Fine, JB;Purcell, RH
通讯作者：
Purcell, RH