Making Sense of Generative Learning

Making Sense of Generative Learning
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理解生成学习

DOI:
10.1007/s10648-023-09769-7
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
10.1
通讯作者:
Fiorella, Logan
Fiorella, Logan
中科院分区:
心理学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fiorella, Logan

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学习者如何理解他们所学的内容?在本文中,我基于对生成学习活动(GLA)的好处和界限的研究,提出了一个新的意义建构框架。生成性意义建构框架区分了三种主要的意义建构模式——解释、可视化和表演——每种模式都服务于独特且互补的认知功能。具体来说,该框架假设学习者在心理上组织和模拟学习材料(通过可视化和表演模式),以提高他们概括学习材料的能力(通过解释模式)。我提供来自 GLA 研究的证据,说明可视化和表演(教师提供和/或学习者生成)如何促进更高质量的学习者解释和后续学习成果。我还讨论了理解意义的几个障碍,这些障碍有助于解释 GLA 何时无效,并描述通过适当指导和安排 GLA 来克服这些障碍的可能方法。最后,我讨论了生成意义建构框架对理论和实践的影响,并为未来的研究提供了建议。
How do learners make sense of what they are learning? In this article, I present a new framework of sense-making based on research investigating the benefits and boundaries of generative learning activities (GLAs). The generative sense-making framework distinguishes among three primary sense-making modes—explaining, visualizing, and enacting—that each serve unique and complementary cognitive functions. Specifically, the framework assumes learners mentally organize and simulate the learning material (via the visualizing and enacting modes) to facilitate their ability to generalize the learning material (via the explaining mode). I present evidence from research on GLAs illustrating how visualizations and enactments (instructor-provided and/or learner-generated) can facilitate higher quality learner explanations and subsequent learning outcomes. I also discuss several barriers to sense-making that help explain when GLAs are not effective and describe possible ways to overcome these barriers by appropriately guiding and timing GLAs. Finally, I discuss implications of the generative sense-making framework for theory and practice and provide recommendations for future research.
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