Activated nitrogen-doped carbons from polyvinyl chloride for high-performance electrochemical capacitors

Activated nitrogen-doped carbons from polyvinyl chloride for high-performance electrochemical capacitors
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用于高性能电化学电容器的聚氯乙烯活性氮掺杂碳

DOI:
10.1007/s10008-013-2227-8
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Qiu, Jieshan
Qiu, Jieshan
中科院分区:
工程技术4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhou, Ying;Zhao, Qiang;Zhang, Xu;Qiu, Jieshan

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以胺化聚氯乙烯(PVC)为前驱体,采用炭化/活化法制备了氮掺杂活性炭(ANCs)。在相同的KOH/碳比下,活性炭比无氮活性炭表现出更大的孔隙率和更高的比表面积。即使在低KOH/carbon比为1:1的情况下,ac -1的比表面积也高达1398 m2 -1。富氮树脂前驱体的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究表明,乙二胺在低温下对PVC进行了高效脱氯化氢。元素光电子能谱分析和x射线光电子能谱分析表明,氮含量和氮官能团的占比与KOH/碳比密切相关,在KOH活化后急剧下降。KOH活化后,N-6和N-Q的表面浓度几乎消失,优势氮基团变为N-5。在电流密度为50 mA g−1的6 M KOH电解液中,ANCs的最高比电容高达345 F g−1。在200 mV s−1的高扫描速率下,ANCs还表现出良好的电容行为,在2000 mA g−1的电流密度下,在5000次循环下,ANCs具有优异的可循环性,电容保持率高达93%。
Activated nitrogen-doped carbons (ANCs) were prepared by carbonization/activation approach using aminated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as precursor. ANCs exhibit larger porosities and higher specific surface areas than those of their nitrogen-free counterparts for the same KOH/carbon ratio. The specific surface area of ANC-1 is up to 1,398 m2g−1even at a low KOH/carbon ratio of 1:1. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy investigation of the nitrogen-enriched resin precursor indicates the efficient dehydrochlorination of PVC by ethylenediamine at a low temperature. The nitrogen content and the population of nitrogen functionalities strongly depend on the KOH/carbon ratios and decrease drastically after KOH activation as seen from the elemental and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The surface concentration of N-6 and N-Q almost disappears and the dominant nitrogen groups become N-5 after KOH activation. The highest specific capacitance of ANCs is up to 345 F g−1at a current density of 50 mA g−1in 6 M KOH electrolyte. ANCs also exhibit a good capacitive behavior at a high scan rate of 200 mV s−1and an excellent cyclability with a capacitance retention ratio as high as ∼93 % at a current density of 2,000 mA g−1for 5,000 cycles.
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DOI: 10.1007/bf02123988
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