The influence of landscape features on nest predation rates of grassland-breeding waders
The influence of landscape features on nest predation rates of grassland-breeding waders
复制标题
景观特征对草原繁殖涉禽巢捕食率的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Gill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rebecca A. Laidlaw;J. Smart;Mark A. Smart;J. Gill
在欧洲，低地潮湿草原变得越来越支离破碎，这些地区的涉禽种群受到不可持续的高水平巢穴捕食。在这些景观中，成片的高大植被可以养活小型哺乳动物，这是许多掠食者的主要猎物来源。如果捕食者优先选择小型哺乳动物，提供这样的栖息地补丁可能会降低巢捕食水平。然而，捕食者吸引到更高的植被觅食，庇护所，栖息和/或筑巢补丁也可能导致当地的捕食率增加，作为一个结果，捕食者密度增加或溢出觅食到周围地区。在这里，我们评估了较高的植被涉禽巢捕食率的影响，以及管理植被结构，以改变捕食者的影响的可行性。在2005年和2011年之间，巢分布和孵化成功的北方鸡Vanellus vanellus，这在开放的巢，和常见的红脚Tringa totanus，这隐藏在植被中的巢，在英格兰东部的一个487公顷的湿草地，主要是为繁殖涉禽管理。捕食率的麦鸡巢与补丁的较高的植被的距离显着增加，并降低了较高的植被在1公里内的巢面积的增加，而没有变量影响红脚鹬巢捕食概率。这些研究结果表明，巢捕食者的分布和活动在低地潮湿的草地景观可能会受到较高的植被的存在和分布的地区。因此，至少对于麦鸡来说，可能有范围对植被结构进行大规模管理，以影响这些栖息地的捕食水平。
In Europe, lowland wet grasslands have become increasingly fragmented, and populations of waders in these fragments are subject to unsustainably high levels of nest predation. Patches of taller vegetation in these landscapes can support small mammals, which are the main source of prey for many predators. Providing such patches of habitat could potentially reduce levels of nest predation if predators preferentially target small mammals. However, predator attraction to patches of taller vegetation for foraging, shelter, perching and/or nesting could also result in local increases in predation rates, as a consequence of increased predator densities or spill-over foraging into the surrounding area. Here we assess the influence of taller vegetation on wader nest predation rates, and the feasibility of managing vegetation structure to alter predator impacts. Between 2005 and 2011, the nest distribution and hatching success of Northern Lapwings Vanellus vanellus, which nest in the open, and Common Redshanks Tringa totanus, which conceal their nests in vegetation, were measured on a 487-ha area of wet grassland in eastern England that is primarily managed for breeding waders. Predation rates of Lapwing nests increased significantly with distance from patches of taller vegetation, and decreased with increasing area of taller vegetation within 1 km of the nest, whereas neither variable influenced Redshank nest predation probability. These findings suggest that the distribution and activity of nest predators in lowland wet grassland landscapes may be influenced by the presence and distribution of areas of taller vegetation. For Lapwings at least, there may therefore be scope for landscape-scale management of vegetation structure to influence levels of predation in these habitats.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Fisher, Brendan;Bradbury, Richard B.;Gill, Jennifer A.
通讯作者：
Gill, Jennifer A.
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Nakagawa, Shinichi;Schielzeth, Holger
通讯作者：
Schielzeth, Holger