Regulating Digital Campaigning: The Need for Precision in Calls for Transparency

Regulating Digital Campaigning: The Need for Precision in Calls for Transparency
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监管数字营销活动:呼吁透明度需要精准

DOI:
10.1002/poi3.234
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.9
通讯作者:
Dommett K
Dommett K
中科院分区:
人文科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dommett K

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呼吁透明度已成为对监督在线政治活动挑战的一个突出回应,然而,政策制定者使用这一术语往往缺乏对期望的准确性以及如何确保影响。本文研究了英国围绕数字竞选的关键政策文件和辩论,特别是选举委员会、信息专员办公室和DCMS特别委员会呼吁提高透明度。报告认为,目前关于透明度的政策处方缺乏关于所需信息类型的重要细节。事实上,我们发现政策参与者对财务、来源、数据和目标透明度有不同的愿望,而不是提倡共同的回应,这些都不容易理解。它们也经常不能指定期望的透明度形式,特别是与受众、可发现性、可理解性、可靠性和要呈现透明的信息的影响有关的形式。对于那些寻求提高透明度的人来说,这是一个明显的挑战,因为很难建立衡量政策建议的明确指标。因此,今后关于透明度的呼吁应注意更加精确,并应明确规定所要求的透明度的类型和形式。
Calls for transparency have become a prominent response to the challenges of overseeing online political campaigning, however, use of this term by policymakers often lacks precision about what is desired and how impacts can be secured. This article examines key policy documents and debates around digital campaigning in the United Kingdom, in particular, calls by the Electoral Commission, Information Commissioner's Office, and DCMS Select Committee for increased transparency. It argues that current policy prescriptions for transparency lack important detail about the types of information required. Indeed, rather than advocating a common response, we find that policy actors have different desires for financial, source, data, and targeting transparency that are not easy to appreciate. They also often fail to specify the form of transparency that is desired, specifically in relation to the audience, discoverability, comprehensibility, reliability, and impact of the information to be rendered transparent. This represents a clear challenge for those seeking to promote transparency, making it hard to establish clear metrics against which policy proposals can be measured. Future calls for transparency should, therefore, take care to be more precise, and should clearly specify both the type and form of transparency being called for.
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