Chemical methods for decoding cytosine modifications in DNA.
Chemical methods for decoding cytosine modifications in DNA.
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DOI：
10.1021/cr5002904
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发表时间：
2015-03-25
期刊：
影响因子：
62.1
通讯作者：
Balasubramanian, Shankar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Booth, Michael J.;Raiber, Eun-Ang;Balasubramanian, Shankar
遗传信息由四种碱基腺嘌呤(A)、鸟嘌呤(G)、胞嘧啶(C)和胸腺嘧啶(T)编码。碱基配对是在DNA双螺旋的碱基堆栈中，同源对AT和CG之间的氢键结合，为遗传密码提供了分子基础。很明显，在DNA中编码功能还有其他分子机制。主槽和小槽各表现出氢键模式，使DNA双螺旋的初级序列能够被读取，而不会被解开，这对于序列依赖事件（如转录因子的结合）是重要的。此外，对典型碱基的酶依赖性化学修饰有可能动态改变DNA的结构、识别和功能。自然发生的DNA碱基修饰的例子如图1所示。有些生物体的基因组表现出相当程度的化学修饰碱基，例如在噬菌体中，四种碱基中的一种的全部或大部分通常被修饰碱基所取代。基因组中修饰碱基的生物合成途径可以发生在修饰的单核苷酸水平上，随后通过聚合酶介导的DNA合成或DNA内典型碱基的DNA后合成纳入。噬菌体DNA中修饰碱基的功能包括对宿主和噬菌体核酸酶的保护，以及信号转导
Genetic information is encoded by the four bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Base pairing through hydrogen bonding between the cognate pairs AT and CG together within the base stack of the DNA double helix provides the molecular basis for the genetic code. 1 It is evident that there are other molecular mechanisms for encoding function within DNA. The major groove and the minor groove each exhibit a hydrogen bonding pattern that enables the primary sequence of the DNA double helix to be read, without being unwound, which is important for sequence-dependent events such as the binding of transcription factors. Furthermore, there are enzyme-dependent chemical modifications to the canonical bases that have the potential to dynamically alter the structure, recognition and function of DNA. Examples of naturally occurring DNA base modifications are shown in Figure 1. There are organisms whose genomes exhibit a substantial level of chemically modified bases, for example in bacteriophages, all or a major proportion of one of the four bases are commonly replaced by a modified base. 2 The biosynthetic pathway to modified bases in genomes can occur at the level of modified mononucleotides subsequently incorporated via polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis or post-DNA synthesis from the canonical bases within DNA. 3 Functions of modified bases in the DNA of phages include protection from host and phage nucleases, signaling for
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影响因子：
48
作者：
Flusberg, Benjamin A.;Webster, Dale R.;Lee, Jessica H.;Travers, Kevin J.;Olivares, Eric C.;Clark, Tyson A.;Korlach, Jonas;Turner, Stephen W.
通讯作者：
Turner, Stephen W.
DOI：
10.2183/pjab.84.321
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hayatsu H
通讯作者：
Hayatsu H
一种用于选择性 5-甲基胞嘧啶检测的新型组合亚硫酸氢盐 UDG 测定法
影响因子：
6.1
作者：
Huang, Rong;Wang, Jiaqi;Zhou, Xiang
通讯作者：
Zhou, Xiang
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Bostick, Magnolia;Kim, Jong Kyong;Jacobsen, Steven E.
通讯作者：
Jacobsen, Steven E.
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Hashimoto H;Hong S;Bhagwat AS;Zhang X;Cheng X
通讯作者：
Cheng X