Cognition contra camouflage: How the brain mediates predator-driven crypsis evolution.

Cognition contra camouflage: How the brain mediates predator-driven crypsis evolution.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abq1878
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发表时间:
2022-08-19
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
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虽然隐藏是一个突出的反捕食者适应,大脑在捕食者驱动的进化中的作用仍然存在争议。解决这一争议需要将大脑与既定的反捕食者特征和捕食压力联系起来。我们假设,减少捕食风险,通过隐藏放松捕食驱动的选择对大脑,并提供比较证据,在102中国青蛙物种为我们的假设。具体来说,我们的系统发育路径分析揭示了捕食风险和隐介导的大脑大小之间的间接关系。这一结果表明,在低捕食风险,青蛙可以负担得起的是引人注目的,并使用他们的大大脑的认知捕食者逃避。在更高的捕食压力下,这种策略可能变得效率更低或能量成本更高,有利于更小的大脑,而不是增加隐藏。强化的捕食降低了逃避认知捕食者的可能性,所以青蛙进化出更小的大脑,变得神秘。
While crypsis is a prominent antipredator adaptation, the role of the brain in predator-driven evolution remains controversial. Resolving this controversy requires contextualizing the brain with established antipredator traits and predation pressure. We hypothesize that the reduced predation risk through crypsis relaxes predation-driven selection on the brain and provide comparative evidence across 102 Chinese frog species for our hypothesis. Specifically, our phylogenetic path analysis reveals an indirect relationship between predation risk and crypsis that is mediated by brain size. This result suggests that at a low predation risk, frogs can afford to be conspicuous and use their large brain for cognitive predator evasion. This strategy may become less efficient or energetically costlier under higher predation pressure, favoring smaller brains and instead increasing crypsis. Intensifying predation lowers the potential for cognitive predator evasion, so frogs evolve smaller brains and become cryptic.
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