Nitrogen budget in the Changjiang River drainage area
Nitrogen budget in the Changjiang River drainage area
复制标题
长江流域氮收支
DOI：
10.1007/s00343-012-1306-5
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发表时间：
2012-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yongquan Yuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tao Jiang;Zhiming Yu;Xiuxian Song;Xihua Cao;Yongquan Yuan
为了确定长江流域河流氮素的来源，建立了流域与水体间氮素输入与输出的预算模型。预算中的氮输入包括来自合成肥料的氮、豆科植物和其他作物的生物固氮、干湿大气沉降、人畜排泄物和作物残茬。总N输入量估计为17.6 Tg，其中20%或3.5 Tg的N被输送到水体中。在进入水体的总氮中，动物粪便氮所占比例最大（26%），其次是大气干湿沉降氮（25%），其次是合成肥料氮（17%），其次是生活污水氮（17%），其次是农村人类粪便氮（6%）和工业废水氮（9%）。通过将长江流域从上游到下游划分为4个子流域，研究了长江流域氮输入输出的空间格局：通天河流域（TTD，源头流域面积，13.8万km2，受人类活动干扰较小）；金沙江流域（JSD， 34.7万平方公里），受人类活动干扰较少，约为60.65 km2。长江口上游3500公里)；平山—宜昌流域（PYD, 520500 km2，大规模人为干扰，在长江口上游约2000 km）；宜昌-大同流域（YDD, 699 900 km2），大规模人为干扰，约为。长江口上游620公里处)。TTD、JSD、PYD和YDD子流域的水体平均N输入量分别为2.3、7.3、24.1和28.2 kg N/ha，表明N分量由上游向下游增加了10倍以上。
We established a budget model of nitrogen (N) inputs and outputs between watersheds and waterbodies to determine the sources of riverine N in the Changjiang (Yangtze) River drainage area. Nitrogen inputs in the budget included N from synthetic fertilizer, biological fixation by leguminous and other crops, wet/dry atmospheric deposition, excreta from humans and animals, and crop residues. The total N input was estimated to be 17.6 Tg, of which 20% or 3.5 Tg N was transported into waterbodies. Of the total N transported into waterbodies, the largest proportion was N from animal waste (26%), followed by N from atmospheric wet/dry deposition (25%), synthetic fertilizer N (17%), N in sewage wastes (17%), N in human waste from rural areas (6%) and industrial wastewater N (9%). We studied the spatial patterns of N inputs and outputs by dividing the Changjiang River drainage area into four sub-basins, from upstream to downstream: the Tongtian River drainage area (TTD, the headwater drainage area, 138 000 km2, less disturbed by human activities); the Jinsha River drainage area (JSD, 347 000 km2, less disturbed by human activities, approx. 3 500 km upstream of the Changjiang estuary); the Pingshan-Yichang drainage area (PYD, 520 500 km2, large-scale human disturbance, about 2 000 km upstream of the Changjiang estuary); and the Yichang-Datong drainage area (YDD, 699 900 km2, large-scale human disturbance, approx. 620 km upstream of the Changjiang estuary). The average N input into waterbodies was 2.3, 7.3, 24.1, and 28.2 kg N/ha in the TTD, JSD, PYD, and YDD sub-basins, respectively, suggesting an increase of N-components of more than 10 times from upstream to downstream areas.
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DOI：
10.1299/jsmekansai.2007.82._11-3_
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
D. Nakagawa;H. Yamano;H. Uchiyama;Junichi Kurata;Yoshihiro Murakami
通讯作者：
D. Nakagawa;H. Yamano;H. Uchiyama;Junichi Kurata;Yoshihiro Murakami
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1972-08
期刊：
Journal - Water Pollution Control Federation
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. W. Robbins;D. H. Howells;G. Kriz
通讯作者：
J. W. Robbins;D. H. Howells;G. Kriz
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Scott A. Sheeder;J. Lynch;J. Grimm
通讯作者：
Scott A. Sheeder;J. Lynch;J. Grimm
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Duan Shuiwang;Zhang Shen;Hu Hongyu
通讯作者：
Duan Shuiwang;Zhang Shen;Hu Hongyu
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Xiang Renjun
通讯作者：
Xiang Renjun