Leveraging iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions in neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Leveraging iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions in neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1291115
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Wen, Zhexing
Wen, Zhexing
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Michalski, Christina;Wen, Zhexing

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免疫系统和神经系统之间的沟通对于人类大脑发育和体内平衡至关重要。这种复杂调节的串扰的破坏可导致神经发育、精神或神经退行性疾病。虽然动物模型在表征神经免疫在发育和疾病中的作用方面至关重要,但由于物种特异性差异,它们具有固有的局限性,特别是关于小胶质细胞,脑驻留免疫细胞的主要子集。诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)技术的出现,现在允许开发临床相关的中枢神经系统模型,充分反映人类的遗传结构。本文将回顾最近利用iPSC技术评估神经免疫相互作用的出版物。首先,我们将讨论环境应激源,如嗜神经病毒或促炎细胞因子对神经元和神经胶质功能的作用。接下来,我们将回顾iPSC模型如何用于研究神经系统和精神疾病的遗传风险因素。最后,我们将评估iPSC模型在神经免疫领域的当前挑战和未来潜力。
Communication between the immune and the nervous system is essential for human brain development and homeostasis. Disruption of this intricately regulated crosstalk can lead to neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, or neurodegenerative disorders. While animal models have been essential in characterizing the role of neuroimmunity in development and disease, they come with inherent limitations due to species specific differences, particularly with regard to microglia, the major subset of brain resident immune cells. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology now allows the development of clinically relevant models of the central nervous system that adequately reflect human genetic architecture. This article will review recent publications that have leveraged iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions. First, we will discuss the role of environmental stressors such as neurotropic viruses or pro-inflammatory cytokines on neuronal and glial function. Next, we will review how iPSC models can be used to study genetic risk factors in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Lastly, we will evaluate current challenges and future potential for iPSC models in the field of neuroimmunity.
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