Linkage of Infection to Adverse Systemic Complications: Periodontal Disease, Toll-Like Receptors, and Other Pattern Recognition Systems.
Linkage of Infection to Adverse Systemic Complications: Periodontal Disease, Toll-Like Receptors, and Other Pattern Recognition Systems.
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DOI：
10.3390/vaccines6020021
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发表时间：
2018-04-05
期刊：
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Gibson FC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wallet SM;Puri V;Gibson FC
Toll样受体（TLR）是一组模式识别受体（PRR），其提供保守的病原体相关分子模式（PAMP）的先天免疫感测以参与细菌、病毒和原生动物的早期免疫识别。此外，TLR提供了一个渠道，用于启动非感染性炎症后的传感器相关的分子模式（DAMP）产生的细胞损伤的结果。由于它们作为DAMP和PAMP传感器的重要作用，TLR信号传导也对包括心血管疾病、糖尿病等在内的几种全身性疾病做出重要贡献。TLR在感染控制和全身性疾病发病机制中的重叠参与已经成为研究深入研究导致各种全身性疾病风险增加的定义不清的感染区域的起点。尽管存在相互矛盾的研究，但心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症、类风湿性关节炎和肥胖/代谢功能障碍与感染性疾病的强度不同程度相关。在这里，我们将讨论这些连接的元素，重点放在TLR信号的贡献，作为导致牙周病的口腔感染的背景下，细菌暴露的结果，并与代谢性疾病，包括动脉粥样硬化和2型糖尿病的关联。
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that provide innate immune sensing of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to engage early immune recognition of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Furthermore, TLRs provide a conduit for initiation of non-infectious inflammation following the sensing of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) generated as a consequence of cellular injury. Due to their essential role as DAMP and PAMP sensors, TLR signaling also contributes importantly to several systemic diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and others. The overlapping participation of TLRs in the control of infection, and pathogenesis of systemic diseases, has served as a starting point for research delving into the poorly defined area of infection leading to increased risk of various systemic diseases. Although conflicting studies exist, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and obesity/metabolic dysfunction have been associated with differing degrees of strength to infectious diseases. Here we will discuss elements of these connections focusing on the contributions of TLR signaling as a consequence of bacterial exposure in the context of the oral infections leading to periodontal disease, and associations with metabolic diseases including atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes.
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