Molecular markers of biomass burning and primary biological aerosols in urban Beijing: size distribution and seasonal variation
Molecular markers of biomass burning and primary biological aerosols in urban Beijing: size distribution and seasonal variation
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北京城区生物质燃烧和原生生物气溶胶的分子标记：尺寸分布和季节变化
DOI：
10.5194/acp-2019-841
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发表时间：
2019-10
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Pingqing Fu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shaofeng Xu;Lujie Ren;Yunchao Lang;Shengjie Hou;Hong Ren;Lianfang Wei;Libin Wu;Junjun Deng;Wei Hu;Xiaole Pan;Yele Sun;Zifa Wang;Hang Su;Yafang Cheng;Pingqing Fu
抽象。生物质燃烧和初级生物气溶胶颗粒
是城市气溶胶的重要组成部分。大量的研究
进行了细气溶胶（PM2.5）的化学成分，
雾霾污染严重的特大城市，
中国的问题。然而，很少有人知道他们的大小分布在
城市边界层的大气气溶胶。在这里，
在北京的雾霾天和晴天收集了气溶胶样品，
2017年4月至2018年1月三种脱水糖，六种初级糖，
这些样品中的四种糖醇被鉴定并通过气体定量，
色谱/质谱（GC/MS）。较高浓度的生物质
燃烧示踪剂左旋葡聚糖在秋冬两季的检出率最高，
季蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、甘露醇和阿拉伯糖醇含量较高
在开花和发光的季节大量存在。特别高水平的
海藻糖在春季被发现，这在很大程度上与亚洲
灰尘流出。脱水糖、木糖、麦芽糖、肌醇和木糖醇
主要存在于精细模式（<2.1 µm），而其他
显示出对粗糙模式的偏好。测量的示踪剂浓度
生物质燃烧颗粒物和雾霾中的初级生物颗粒物
霾日数高于非霾日数，具有富集因子
的2-10。生物量分子标记物的几何平均直径（GMD）
燃烧和初级生物气溶胶显示，
在粗糙模式下（>2.1 µm），
和非雾度样品，而尺寸向大颗粒和大颗粒转变，
在实验过程中检测到细粒级（<2.1 µm）中的GMD。
有烟霞的日子，显示稳定的气象条件，
北京市区相对湿度高，可能有利于
有机物的粗颗粒。重建的主要贡献
有机碳（POC）的示踪剂为基础的方法，从植物残体，真菌
孢子和生物质燃烧到气溶胶OC中的总模式颗粒被
在0.09%-0.30%（平均0.21%）、0.13%-1.0%范围内，
(0.38%）和1.2%-7.5%（4.5%）。这项研究表明
北京市生物质燃烧贡献显著
全年以优良模式为主，
春季以植物残体和真菌孢子的贡献为主，
夏季在粗糙的模式，特别是在尺寸>5.8微米。我们的观察表明，
城市气溶胶粒子的组成是强烈的大小依赖于
北京，这是重要的，以更好地了解环境和
城市气溶胶对健康的影响，应在空气质量和气候模型中加以考虑。
Abstract. Biomass burning and primary biological aerosol particles
account for an important part of urban aerosols. Floods of studies have been
conducted on the chemical compositions of fine aerosols (PM2.5) in
megacities where the haze pollution is one of the severe environmental
issues in China. However, little is known about their size distributions in
atmospheric aerosols in the urban boundary layer. Here, size-segregated
aerosol samples were collected in Beijing during haze and clear days from
April 2017 to January 2018. Three anhydrosugars, six primary saccharides and
four sugar alcohols in these samples were identified and quantified by gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Higher concentrations of a biomass
burning tracer, levoglucosan, were detected in autumn and winter than in other
seasons. Sucrose, glucose, fructose, mannitol and arabitol were more
abundant in the bloom and glowing seasons. A particularly high level of
trehalose was found in spring, which was largely associated with the Asian
dust outflows. Anhydrosugars, xylose, maltose, inositol and erythritol
are mainly present in the fine mode (<2.1 µm), while the others
showed the coarse-mode preference. The concentrations of measured tracers of
biomass burning particles and primary biological particles in the haze
events were higher than those in the non-hazy days, with enrichment factors
of 2–10. Geometric mean diameters (GMDs) of molecular markers of biomass
burning and primary biological aerosols showed that there was no significant
difference in the coarse mode (>2.1 µm) between the haze
and non-haze samples, while a size shift towards large particles and large
GMDs in the fine fraction (<2.1 µm) was detected during the
hazy days, which highlights that the stable meteorological conditions with
high relative humidity in urban Beijing may favor the condensation of
organics onto coarse particles.The contributions of reconstructed primary
organic carbon (POC) by tracer-based methods from plant debris, fungal
spores and biomass burning to aerosol OC in the total-mode particles were
in the ranges of 0.09 %–0.30 % (on average 0.21 %), 0.13 %–1.0 %
(0.38 %) and 1.2 %–7.5 % (4.5 %), respectively. This study demonstrates
that the contribution of biomass burning was significant in Beijing
throughout the whole year with the predominance in the fine mode, while the
contributions of plant debris and fungal spores dominated in spring and
summer in the coarse mode, especially in sizes >5.8 µm. Our observations demonstrate that the sources, abundance and chemical
composition of urban aerosol particles are strongly size dependent in
Beijing, which is important to better understand the environmental and
health effects of urban aerosols and should be considered in air quality and climate models.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
R. Dmochowski
通讯作者：
R. Dmochowski
影响因子：
5
作者：
Simoneit, BRT;Schauer, JJ;Cass, GR
通讯作者：
Cass, GR
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Ting Zhang;G. Engling;C. Chan;Yi-Nan Zhang;Zhisheng Zhang;Mang Lin;X. Sang;Y.-D. Li;Y. Li
通讯作者：
Ting Zhang;G. Engling;C. Chan;Yi-Nan Zhang;Zhisheng Zhang;Mang Lin;X. Sang;Y.-D. Li;Y. Li