Relapsed and newly diagnosed Graves' disease due to immunization against COVID-19: A case series and review of the literature.
Relapsed and newly diagnosed Graves' disease due to immunization against COVID-19: A case series and review of the literature.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102809
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Cakal E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bostan H;Ucan B;Kizilgul M;Calapkulu M;Hepsen S;Gul U;Ozturk Unsal I;Cakal E
除遗传因素外，病毒等环境因素被认为是自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）如Graves病（GD）发展的触发因素。在这种情况下，可能与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）感染或免疫接种有关的AITD病例已开始越来越多地报告。尽管目前尚不清楚针对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的免疫接种触发AITD发展的致病机制，但疫苗中佐剂的潜在作用以及病毒颗粒与哺乳动物蛋白的分子相似性可能产生的交叉反应性似乎都是可能的机制。本文报告了新冠肺炎疫苗接种后复发和新诊断的GD患者7例。7例患者中，女性5例（71.4%），中位年龄47岁（范围31-53岁）。其中一名患者与COVID-19灭活疫苗相关，而其他患者与mRNA COVID-19疫苗相关。接种疫苗后出现症状的中位时间为7天（范围4-30天）。3例患者有GD病史，1例有桥本甲状腺炎病史。1例患者发现发展迅速的Graves眼病。这些病例值得警惕，在COVID-19疫苗接种后短时间内可能出现GD及其甲状腺外表现。结合文献综述，约一半患者的AITD病史提示，应在接种疫苗后对这些患者给予更多关注。然而，需要多中心前瞻性研究来更好地理解这种可能的因果关系。
In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors such as viruses are thought to be triggers in the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) such as Graves' disease (GD). In this context, AITD cases that may be associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or immunization have begun to be reported in increasing numbers. Although it is not clear by which pathogenetic mechanisms immunization against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggers the development of AITD, both the potential effect of the adjuvants in the vaccines and the cross-reactivity that can be generated by the molecular similarity of viral particles with mammalian proteins seem to be possible mechanisms. In this article, 7 GD patients consisting of relapsed and newly diagnosed cases following the COVID-19 vaccination were presented. Of these 7 cases, 5 (71.4%) were female, and the median age of the patients was 47 years (range, 31–53). One of the patients was associated with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, while the others were associated with the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The median post-vaccination symptom onset was 7 days (range, 4–30). Three of the patients had a history of GD and one had a history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Rapidly developing Graves' ophthalmopathy was detected in one patient. These cases are cautionary that GD and its extrathyroidal manifestations may develop in a short period after COVID-19 vaccination. When considered together with the literature review, the history of AITD in approximately half of the patients suggests that more attention should be paid to these patients in the post-vaccination period. Nevertheless, multicenter, prospective studies are needed to better understand this possible causal relationship.
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影响因子：
32.4
作者：
Alameh MG;Tombácz I;Bettini E;Lederer K;Sittplangkoon C;Wilmore JR;Gaudette BT;Soliman OY;Pine M;Hicks P;Manzoni TB;Knox JJ;Johnson JL;Laczkó D;Muramatsu H;Davis B;Meng W;Rosenfeld AM;Strohmeier S;Lin PJC;Mui BL;Tam YK;Karikó K;Jacquet A;Krammer F;Bates P;Cancro MP;Weissman D;Luning Prak ET;Allman D;Locci M;Pardi N
通讯作者：
Pardi N
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Ross, Douglas S.;Burch, Henry B.;Walter, Martin A.
通讯作者：
Walter, Martin A.
DOI：
10.1089/mab.2013.0090
发表时间：
2014-06-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Oldstone, Michael B. A.
通讯作者：
Oldstone, Michael B. A.
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Leiva, Silvia;Madrazo, Jimena;Podesta, Claudio
通讯作者：
Podesta, Claudio
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Murugan AK;Alzahrani AS
通讯作者：
Alzahrani AS