Botryllus schlosseri as a Unique Colonial Chordate Model for the Study and Modulation of Innate Immune Activity.
Botryllus schlosseri as a Unique Colonial Chordate Model for the Study and Modulation of Innate Immune Activity.
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Schlosseri葡萄球菌作为研究和调节先天免疫活性的独特的群体脊索动物模型。
DOI：
10.3390/md19080454
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发表时间：
2021-08-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Rosental B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstein O;Mandujano-Tinoco EA;Levy T;Talice S;Raveh T;Gershoni-Yahalom O;Voskoboynik A;Rosental B
了解维持免疫非反应性的机制对于在同基因和同种异体环境中维持组织是必不可少的，例如移植和妊娠耐受。虽然大多数移植排斥反应是由于适应性免疫反应而发生的，但先天免疫的促炎反应对于适应性免疫的激活是必要的。Schlosseri是一种群体性被囊动物，是最接近脊椎动物的无脊椎动物，缺乏基于T和B细胞的适应性免疫。它具有独特的特征，使其成为研究先天免疫机制的有价值的模型系统：（i）导致融合或排斥的天然同种异体移植现象;（ii）每周一次的全动物再生和非炎性吸收;（iii）与人类慢性排斥相当的同种异体吸收。B. Schlosseri的研究已经导致了对同种异体组织耐受性的先天免疫丧失的分子和细胞框架的认识。另外，B. schlosseri作为研究造血干细胞（HSC）移植的模型而被开发，并且它为人类和B的HSC小生境之间的相似性提供了进一步的见解。施洛塞里。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了为什么研究的分子和细胞途径，直接成功的先天免疫耐受B。Schlosseri可以为人类的这些免疫过程提供新的见解和潜在的调节。
Understanding the mechanisms that sustain immunological nonreactivity is essential for maintaining tissue in syngeneic and allogeneic settings, such as transplantation and pregnancy tolerance. While most transplantation rejections occur due to the adaptive immune response, the proinflammatory response of innate immunity is necessary for the activation of adaptive immunity. Botryllus schlosseri, a colonial tunicate, which is the nearest invertebrate group to the vertebrates, is devoid of T- and B-cell-based adaptive immunity. It has unique characteristics that make it a valuable model system for studying innate immunity mechanisms: (i) a natural allogeneic transplantation phenomenon that results in either fusion or rejection; (ii) whole animal regeneration and noninflammatory resorption on a weekly basis; (iii) allogeneic resorption which is comparable to human chronic rejection. Recent studies in B. schlosseri have led to the recognition of a molecular and cellular framework underlying the innate immunity loss of tolerance to allogeneic tissues. Additionally, B. schlosseri was developed as a model for studying hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, and it provides further insights into the similarities between the HSC niches of human and B. schlosseri. In this review, we discuss why studying the molecular and cellular pathways that direct successful innate immune tolerance in B. schlosseri can provide novel insights into and potential modulations of these immune processes in humans.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
De Tomaso, AW;Nyholm, SV;Weissman, IL
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
4.3
作者：
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通讯作者：
Nash, Richard A.