Agroecological innovation constructing socionatural order for social transformation: two case studies in Brazil

Agroecological innovation constructing socionatural order for social transformation: two case studies in Brazil
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农业生态创新为社会转型构建社会自然秩序:巴西的两个案例研究

DOI:
10.1080/25729861.2020.1843318
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Latin American Science, Technology and Society
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Levidow L
Levidow L
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Levidow L

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绿色革命颠覆了资本密集型的资源掠夺和劳动剥削的现代化模式。这促使小规模生产者和民间社会团体反对以农业生态为基础的团结经济(EcoSol-agroecology),特别是在拉丁美洲。但他们的努力遇到了主导模式--创新、管理、市场、自然等--这些模式限制了替代方案。为了明确一个变革议程,倡导者通过几种互补做法详细阐述了农业生态创新。自然被定义为农业生物多样性,补充社会文化多样性。短的食品供应链(circuitos curtos)使消费者支持生产方法,从而改善生产者的生计,提供社会经济平等并保护自然资源。通过农民之间和与外部专家的知识交流,耕作和水管理方法被设计或改造为社会环境技术。建立了集体自我管理这些团结关系的能力。通过这种方式,农业生态创新共同产生了特定形式的自然、科技知识和社会;他们的实践构建了一个独特的社会自然秩序。这种秩序通过几种工具产生-形成身份、机构和话语-正如STS共同生产理论所理解的那样。在这里,这一理论阐明了两个巴西农林倡议,其合作实践寻求改变自己的参与者的生活和更广泛的农业食品系统。通过结合不同的来源,复合文化加深了领土归属的社会基础。
The Green Revolution exemplifies the capital-intensive modernization model of resource plunder and labor exploitation. This has provoked small-scale producers and civil society groups to counterpose an agroecology-based solidarity economy (EcoSol-agroecology), especially in Latin America. But their efforts encounter dominant models – of innovation, management, markets, nature, etc. – which limit alternatives. To clarify a transformative agenda, advocates have elaborated agroecological innovation through several complementary practices. Nature is framed as agri-biodiversity complementing socio-cultural diversity. Short food-supply chains (circuitos curtos) build consumer support for production methods enhancing producers' livelihoods, providing socio-economic equity and conserving natural resources. Throughdiálogos de saberes, i.e. knowledge exchange among farmers and with external experts, cultivation and water-management methods are designed or adapted as socio-environmental technologies. Capacities are built for collective self-management of those solidarity relationships. In such ways, agroecological innovation co-produces specific forms of nature, technoscientific knowledge and society; their practices construct a distinctive socionatural order. Such order arises through several instruments – making identities, institutions and discourses – as understood by STS co-production theory. Here this theory illuminates two Brazilian agroforestry initiatives whose cooperative practices seek to transform their own participants' lives and wider agri-food systems. By combining diverse sources, composite cultures deepen the social basis of territorial belonging.
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