DNA Epigenetics in Addiction Susceptibility.

DNA Epigenetics in Addiction Susceptibility.
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DOI:
10.3389/fgene.2022.806685
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Feng J
Feng J
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaplan G;Xu H;Abreu K;Feng J

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成瘾是一种慢性复发性神经精神疾病,发生在一些但不是所有使用滥用物质的人身上。相对而言,我们对成瘾易感性个体差异的机制知之甚少。神经基因表达调控是成瘾发病机制的基础,成瘾是由表观遗传机制介导的,如DNA修饰。越来越多的研究表明,大脑奖励区域中不同的DNA表观遗传特征可能与成瘾易感性有关。此外,影响成瘾易感性的因素也已知具有DNA表观遗传基础。在本综述中,我们讨论了成瘾易感性具有潜在的DNA表观遗传基础的概念。我们专注于成瘾易感性的主要表型和审查的证据细胞类型特异性,时间依赖性和性别偏见的药物使用的影响。我们强调DNA表观遗传学在这些不同的过程中的作用,并提出其对成瘾易感性差异的贡献。鉴于成瘾的流行和缺乏有效的治疗方法,阐明成瘾易感性的DNA表观遗传机制可能是减轻成瘾疾病负担的一种快速方法。
Addiction is a chronically relapsing neuropsychiatric disease that occurs in some, but not all, individuals who use substances of abuse. Relatively little is known about the mechanisms which contribute to individual differences in susceptibility to addiction. Neural gene expression regulation underlies the pathogenesis of addiction, which is mediated by epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA modifications. A growing body of work has demonstrated distinct DNA epigenetic signatures in brain reward regions that may be associated with addiction susceptibility. Furthermore, factors that influence addiction susceptibility are also known to have a DNA epigenetic basis. In the present review, we discuss the notion that addiction susceptibility has an underlying DNA epigenetic basis. We focus on major phenotypes of addiction susceptibility and review evidence of cell type-specific, time dependent, and sex biased effects of drug use. We highlight the role of DNA epigenetics in these diverse processes and propose its contribution to addiction susceptibility differences. Given the prevalence and lack of effective treatments for addiction, elucidating the DNA epigenetic mechanism of addiction vulnerability may represent an expeditious approach to relieving the addiction disease burden.
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