Endogenous retroviruses in the origins and treatment of cancer.

Endogenous retroviruses in the origins and treatment of cancer.
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内源性逆转录病毒在癌症起源和治疗中的作用。

DOI:
10.1186/s13059-021-02357-4
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发表时间:
2021-05-10
期刊:
影响因子:
12.3
通讯作者:
Faulkner GJ
Faulkner GJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jansz N;Faulkner GJ

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内源性逆转录病毒(ERV)正成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。作为古代逆转录病毒感染的残留物,ERV衍生的调节元件协调基因网络的表达,包括支持胚胎发育和免疫细胞功能的基因网络。ERV激活可以促进干扰素反应,这种现象被称为病毒模仿。虽然ERV的表达与癌症有关,并暂时与自身免疫和神经退行性疾病有关,但ERV介导的炎症正在被探索为一种使肿瘤对免疫治疗敏感的方法。在这里,我们回顾了ERV在发育和先天免疫中的共同选择,ERV在肿瘤发生中的异常贡献,以及针对ERV的治疗的更广泛的生物医学潜力。网上版载有补充材料,可在10.1186/s13059-021-02357-4查阅。
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are emerging as promising therapeutic targets in cancer. As remnants of ancient retroviral infections, ERV-derived regulatory elements coordinate expression from gene networks, including those underpinning embryogenesis and immune cell function. ERV activation can promote an interferon response, a phenomenon termed viral mimicry. Although ERV expression is associated with cancer, and provisionally with autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, ERV-mediated inflammation is being explored as a way to sensitize tumors to immunotherapy. Here we review ERV co-option in development and innate immunity, the aberrant contribution of ERVs to tumorigenesis, and the wider biomedical potential of therapies directed at ERVs. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-021-02357-4.
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