Lessons from a mature acellular pertussis vaccination program and strategies to overcome suboptimal vaccine effectiveness.

Lessons from a mature acellular pertussis vaccination program and strategies to overcome suboptimal vaccine effectiveness.
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DOI:
10.1080/14760584.2021.1984891
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发表时间:
2022-07
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Klein NP
Klein NP
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zerbo O;Fireman B;Klein NP

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尽管儿童和青少年的疫苗接种覆盖率很高,但百日咳仍然是一个公共卫生问题,在美国和其他发达国家定期发生大规模疫情。我们研究了仅使用无细胞百日咳疫苗的项目实施20多年后吸取的经验教训,并提出了可能有效使用无细胞百日咳疫苗预防大规模疫情的途径。无细胞百日咳疫苗是在20多年前推出的,但在过去十年中,百日咳的发病率一直在增加,周期性的大规模爆发的特点是疾病负担从婴儿和幼儿向完全接种疫苗的青少年和年轻人转移。这种年龄变化主要是由疫苗免疫力的减弱驱动的。为了更好地保护青少年免受百日咳,应考虑修改目前的无细胞百日咳疫苗接种计划或采用新的疫苗接种策略。对于尚未符合接种条件的婴儿,母亲在怀孕期间接种百日咳疫苗是保护婴儿免受感染、严重疾病和死亡的有效方法。应鼓励没有孕产妇疫苗接种计划的国家实施孕产妇疫苗接种计划,或支持现有计划的国家努力提高覆盖率。
Despite high vaccination coverage among children and adolescents, pertussis remains a public health problem, with large outbreaks occurring periodically in the US and other developed countries. We examined lessons learned more than 20 years after implementation of programs which use only acellular pertussis vaccines and proposed avenues for possible effective use of acellular pertussis vaccine to prevent large outbreaks. Acellular pertussis vaccines were introduced more than 20 years ago, yet the incidence of pertussis has been increasing the past decade, with periodic large outbreaks marked by notable shifts in disease burden from infants and young children towards fully vaccinated adolescents and young adults. This age shift is mainly driven by waning of vaccine immunity. To better protect adolescents against pertussis, modification of the current acellular pertussis vaccination schedule or adoption of new vaccination strategies should be considered. For infants not yet eligible to be vaccinated, maternal vaccination against pertussis during pregnancy is an effective way to protect infants from infection, severe disease and death. Implementation of maternal vaccination programs should be encouraged in countries without one or efforts to improve coverage should be supported in countries with existing program.
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