What are the signatures of tunnelling in enzyme-catalysed reactions?

What are the signatures of tunnelling in enzyme-catalysed reactions?
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酶催化反应中隧道效应的特征是什么?

DOI:
10.1039/c9fd00044e
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Johannissen LO
Johannissen LO
中科院分区:
化学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johannissen LO

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虽然已经确定轻粒子(电子和轻原子,通常是氢)的热激活量子力学隧穿在许多酶催化反应中起作用,但原子隧穿的确切实验特征很少,也没有明确的方法直接估计典型实验数据的相对隧穿贡献。由于大多数酶反应涉及自由扩散底物的结合/捕获,因此反应通常通过混合来引发,然后实验条件必须与液态水(溶剂)相容。这就排除了隧道效应的经典测试:在低温下观察与温度无关的速率常数。相反,氢隧穿通常是从大于半经典极限的动力学同位素效应推断出来的。通常,反应的温度依赖性也可以在实验可达到的范围内测量(对于嗜温酶为278-313 K),所得数据可以使用Arkyius,Eyring或Marcus理论的变体进行分析和解释。表观的Arrhenius和Eyring活化参数允许不同反应的一些定量比较,但不直接提供任何关于隧穿的信息,而来自非绝热模型(如Marcus理论)的参数的有效性是值得怀疑的,因为这些反应的部分绝热性质。在这里,我们使用几个系列的酶的变体和隧道效应的贡献,在试图质疑和定义新的签名的氢隧道效应,这可以用来解释典型的实验动力学数据测量酶催化反应之间的相关性发现的表观活化焓和熵。
While it is well established that thermally-activated quantum mechanical tunnelling of light particles (electrons and light atoms, typically hydrogen) plays a role in many enzyme-catalysed reactions, there are few definitive experimental signatures of atomic tunnelling and no clear methods of directly estimating the relative tunnelling contribution from typical experimental data. As most enzyme reactions involve the binding/capture of freely diffusing substrate(s), reactions are typically initiated by mixing and experimental conditions must then be compatible with liquid water (the solvent). This precludes the classic test of tunnelling: the observation of temperature-independent rate constants at cryogenic temperatures. Instead, H-tunnelling is usually inferred from kinetic isotope effects that are larger than the semiclassical limit. Often, the temperature dependence of the reaction is also measured over the experimentally accessible range (∼278–313 K for mesophilic enzymes), with resulting data analysed and interpreted using variations of Arrhenius, Eyring or Marcus theory. The apparent Arrhenius and Eyring activation parameters allow some quantitative comparison of different reactions, but do not directly provide any information about tunnelling, while the validity of parameters derived from non-adiabatic models such as Marcus theory are questionable due to the partially adiabatic nature of these reactions. Here, we use the correlation found between apparent activation enthalpy and entropy across several series of enzyme variants and tunnelling contributions determined using computational chemistry in an attempt to question and define new signatures of hydrogen tunnelling, which can be used to interpret typical experimental kinetic data measured for enzyme-catalysed reactions.
化学反应中隧道效应的实验证据
DOI: --
发表时间: 1980
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
R. P. Bell
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勘误:“甲胺脱氢酶中的量子机械隧道效应”[Chem. 347 (2001) 512–518]
DOI: --
发表时间: 2002
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当同位素阿伦尼乌斯前因子 (A(H)/A(D)) 统一时氢隧道效应的实验证据。
DOI: 10.1021/ja806354w
发表时间: 2008
影响因子: 15
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影响因子: 2.8
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DOI: 10.1021/bi100761x
发表时间: 2010-06-29
期刊: BIOCHEMISTRY
影响因子: 2.9
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通讯作者: Allemann, Rudolf K.