Mother was right: eat your vegetables and do not spit! When oral nitrate helps with high blood pressure.
Mother was right: eat your vegetables and do not spit! When oral nitrate helps with high blood pressure.
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妈妈说得对：吃蔬菜，别吐口水！
DOI：
10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.106617
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Paolocci,Nazareno
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wink,DavidA;Paolocci,Nazareno
高血压、动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病的发病率升高是“工业化”世界因生活方式和习惯的突然改变而付出的代价。这些疾病在快速增长的经济体中迅速增加，其中饮食变化是一个重要因素，因为富含胆固醇、饱和脂肪、盐和糖的食物摄入量增加。通常建议多食用水果和蔬菜，以减少这些疾病的发生。然而，正如伦德伯格等人所说，很少有研究能够彻底解决水果和蔬菜的摄入与心血管疾病之间的关系。 1 Appel 等人发现，在患有临界高血压 (BHT) 的受试者中，摄入蔬菜降低血压的程度几乎与标准抗高血压单一疗法相同，这表明仅靠饮食就可以改善心血管健康。 2 尽管绿叶蔬菜中产生这种保护作用的因素在很大程度上仍不清楚，但无机硝酸盐生物转化为亚硝酸盐、NO 和其他次级反应产物（亚硝基/亚硝基化合物）可能在降低高血压方面发挥关键作用。 1 在本期《高血压》中，Webb 等人的研究3表明，健康志愿者摄入富含亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐的甜菜汁不仅可以显着降低血压 (10 mmHg)，而且可以预防缺血再灌注后的内皮功能障碍（不改变缺血前动脉扩张）并减少离体血小板聚集。 3 摄入甜菜汁与血浆硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐水平急剧增加同时发生。研究进一步表明，舌头上细菌介导的硝酸盐转化为亚硝酸盐可以显着增加血浆中的亚硝酸盐，从而导致这些心血管影响，而当通过吐痰消除微生物时，这种影响就会减弱（图）。因此，膳食亚硝酸盐可以通过低成本和天然的方式降低心血管风险。
Higher incidence of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes is a price that the “industrialized” world pays for abrupt changes in lifestyle and habits. These diseases increase rapidly in fast growing economies, where changes in diet are a significant factor with higher intake in food rich in cholesterol, saturated fat, salt, and sugar. More abundant consumption of fruits and vegetables is often recommended to reduce the occurrence of these diseases. Yet, as stated by Lundberg et al, few studies have thoroughly addressed the relationship between the intake of fruits and vegetables and cardiovascular disease. 1 Appel et al found that in subjects with borderline hypertension (BHT) the intake of vegetables decreased blood pressure almost to the same extent as with standard antihypertensive monotherapy suggesting that diet alone can improve cardiovascular health. 2 Although the factors in green leafy vegetables that account for this protection remained largely unknown, bioconversion of inorganic nitrate to nitrite, NO, and other secondary reaction products (nitroso/nitrosyl compounds) may play a key role in decreasing hypertension. 1In the present issue of Hypertension, the study by Webb et al3 shows that ingestion of beet juice, which is high in dietary nitrite/nitrate, by healthy volunteers not only markedly reduced blood pressure (10 mmHg), but also prevented endothelial dysfunction after ischemia-reperfusion (without altering preischemic artery dilation) and decreased ex vivo platelet aggregation. 3 The ingestion of beet juice was coincident with a dramatic increase in plasma levels of nitrate and nitrite. The study further showed that bacterial mediated conversion of nitrate to nitrite on the tongue could significantly increase nitrite in the plasma leading to these cardiovascular effects, which were abated when microbes were eliminated by spitting (Figure). Thus, dietary nitrite may reduce cardiovascular risks through a low cost and natural
DOI：
10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.103523
发表时间：
2008-03
期刊：
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
影响因子：
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作者：
Webb AJ;Patel N;Loukogeorgakis S;Okorie M;Aboud Z;Misra S;Rashid R;Miall P;Deanfield J;Benjamin N;MacAllister R;Hobbs AJ;Ahluwalia A
通讯作者：
Ahluwalia A
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Appel, LJ;Champagne, CM;Young, DR
通讯作者：
Young, DR
DOI：
10.1172/jci22493
发表时间：
2005-05
期刊：
The Journal of clinical investigation
影响因子：
--
作者：
Mark R. Duranski;James J. M. Greer;A. Dejam;S. Jaganmohan;N. Hogg;W. Langston;R. Patel;S. yet;Xunde Wang;C. Kevil;M. Gladwin;D. Lefer
通讯作者：
Mark R. Duranski;James J. M. Greer;A. Dejam;S. Jaganmohan;N. Hogg;W. Langston;R. Patel;S. yet;Xunde Wang;C. Kevil;M. Gladwin;D. Lefer