Exploring the Role of Glycans in the Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Human Receptor ACE2.

Exploring the Role of Glycans in the Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Human Receptor ACE2.
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DOI:
10.3390/v13050927
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发表时间:
2021-05-17
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gnanakaran S
Gnanakaran S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nguyen K;Chakraborty S;Mansbach RA;Korber B;Gnanakaran S

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COVID-19 是一种由新型冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 引起的高度传染性呼吸道疾病。它已成为全球大流行,其频繁的突变可能给疫苗设计带来新的挑战。在病毒感染期间,SARS-CoV-2 的 Spike RBD 与人类宿主细胞受体 ACE2 结合,使病毒能够进入宿主细胞。 Spike 和 ACE2 均被密集糖基化,目前尚不清楚独特的聚糖类型如何调节 RBD 和 ACE2 的相互作用。详细了解这些决定因素是开发新型治疗策略的关键。为此,我们对以下情况进行了广泛的全原子模拟:(i) 不含聚糖的 RBD-ACE2 复合物,(ii) ACE2 中含有低聚甘露糖 MAN9 聚糖的 RBD-ACE2,以及 (iii) ACE2 中含有复合 FA2 聚糖的 RBD-ACE2。这些模拟识别了 RBD-ACE2 界面上形成接触概率较高的关键残基,从而提供了补充最近结构研究的定量评估。值得注意的是,我们发现这种 RBD-ACE2 接触特征不会因不同糖型的存在而改变,这表明 RBD-ACE2 相互作用是稳健的。应用我们的模拟结果,我们说明了最近流行的 N501Y 突变如何改变与宿主 ACE2 的特异性相互作用,从而促进病毒与宿主的结合。此外,我们的模拟揭示了 ACE2 Asn90 上的聚糖如何在 RBD 的结合和解离中发挥独特的作用。最后,能量学分析表明 ACE2 上的 MAN9 聚糖降低了 RBD-ACE2 亲和力,而 FA2 聚糖则导致复合物的结合增强。总之,我们的结果提供了病毒与人类受体之间详细相互作用的更全面的图景,这对于发现旨在调节这种病毒的物理化学特性的有效治疗方法是非常需要的。
COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It has become a global pandemic and its frequent mutations may pose new challenges for vaccine design. During viral infection, the Spike RBD of SARS-CoV-2 binds the human host cell receptor ACE2, enabling the virus to enter the host cell. Both the Spike and ACE2 are densely glycosylated, and it is unclear how distinctive glycan types may modulate the interaction of RBD and ACE2. Detailed understanding of these determinants is key for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. To this end, we perform extensive all-atom simulations of the (i) RBD-ACE2 complex without glycans, (ii) RBD-ACE2 with oligomannose MAN9 glycans in ACE2, and (iii) RBD-ACE2 with complex FA2 glycans in ACE2. These simulations identify the key residues at the RBD-ACE2 interface that form contacts with higher probabilities, thus providing a quantitative evaluation that complements recent structural studies. Notably, we find that this RBD-ACE2 contact signature is not altered by the presence of different glycoforms, suggesting that RBD-ACE2 interaction is robust. Applying our simulated results, we illustrate how the recently prevalent N501Y mutation may alter specific interactions with host ACE2 that facilitate the virus-host binding. Furthermore, our simulations reveal how the glycan on Asn90 of ACE2 can play a distinct role in the binding and unbinding of RBD. Finally, an energetics analysis shows that MAN9 glycans on ACE2 decrease RBD-ACE2 affinity, while FA2 glycans lead to enhanced binding of the complex. Together, our results provide a more comprehensive picture of the detailed interplay between virus and human receptor, which is much needed for the discovery of effective treatments that aim at modulating the physical-chemical properties of this virus.
超越屏蔽:聚糖在SARS-COV-2尖峰蛋白中的作用。
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发表时间: 2021-04
期刊: Science advances
影响因子: 13.6
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通讯作者: Gnanakaran S